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The First Americans

Objective: To examine how the first humans migrated to America, the purpose of archaeology, and the culture of the Mound Builders. The First Americans. • Approximately 30,000 years ago the earth experienced an Ice Age.

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The First Americans

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  1. Objective: To examine how the first humans migrated to America, the purpose of archaeology, and the culture of the Mound Builders.

  2. The First Americans • Approximately 30,000 years ago the earth experienced an Ice Age. • Ice Age – a period of time in which temperatures on earth were very cold, and North America was covered in glaciers. • Glaciers – large, slow moving sheets of ice Barne Glacier, Antarctica

  3. - As the oceans froze, the ocean floor became uncovered and dry. - The first humans in North America crossed the land bridge. Land bridge (Berengia) – an area of land which humans crossed during the Ice Age on their way to North America from Asia.

  4. Archaeology - the study of evidence left by early peoples Artifact – object made by humans and used by archaeologists to recreate a picture of the past.

  5. The Missouri Heron Pipe.H: 5.25" Made from red to brown banded slate. This well-known bird pipe was discovered in 1858 by a farmer named Amos Weiling while removing a tree stump on a farm in Mew Madrid County, Missouri. The heron is a common sight along the waterways in central and southern Missouri. The Dr. Bunch Frog Pipe.L: 8.25". Made from fine green sandstone. This famous pipe was found in 1878 in a low mound on a river bluff near what is nows Bluffton, Yell County, Arkansas.

  6. Mound Builders • The Mound Builders, including the Hopewell and Mississippian peoples, lived from about 3,000 years ago to the 1700’s. • Early mounds were burial grounds for important leaders. Miamisburg,OH Adena people

  7. Great Serpent Mound, Ohio

  8. The Mississippian people built the city of Cahokia in present-day Illinois.

  9. The largest mound of Cahokia was Monk’s Mound, which covered around 16 acres.

  10. The fence build around the city served as a calendar. • The posts of the fence were viewed from the top of Monk’s Mound. - shorter shadows meant the coming of spring - longer shadows meant the coming of autumn * This system allowed farmers to know which crops should be planted.

  11. "Community Life" By Michael Hampshire Courtesy of Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site Collinsville, Illinois

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