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Mendel’s Work

Mendel’s Work. The Science of Heredity. Genetics- science involving the study of heredity; how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Gregor Mendel ( 1822-1884 ) Father of Genetics. Claim to Fame. Experimented with pea plants ( 34 varieties)

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Mendel’s Work

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  1. Mendel’s Work The Science of Heredity

  2. Genetics- science involving the study of heredity; how traits are passed from one generation to the next Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Father of Genetics

  3. Claim to Fame • Experimented with pea plants(34 varieties) • Crossed plants with various traits tall, short, blossom color, pod color, pea color, pod texture. • Discovered that the parent plants produced offspring with particular characteristics

  4. Mendel’s Experiments • Offspring were able to produce “recessive” traits that existed in one of the parents that were not expressed visibly in the offspring themselves but were expressed in the next generation • E.G.: Tall plants (from tall x short parents) were able to produce short offspring

  5. Results: Dominant trait always appeared (no mixing/blending of traits) Recessive trait sometimesappeared in the next generation

  6. Traits • Dominant Allele= trait that is expressed when 2 different genes for a trait are present • represented with capital letters Y, T • Recessive Allele= trait which is not expressed when a dominant gene for a trait is present • represented with lower case letters y, t • PGeneration = beginning Parental Generation • F1 Generation = First Filial Generation • F2Generation = Second Filial Generation

  7. Purebred = organism with genes for a particular trait that are alike YY, yy, BB, bb Hybrid = organism with genes for a particular trait that are different Yy, Bb

  8. Punnett Squares • Developed by English geneticist Reginald C. Punnett • What is a Punnett Square? • Chart that shows possible gene combinations in a cross between 2 organisms

  9. Let’s try it!!!

  10. Phenotype and Genotype • Phenotype = physical appearance of an organism • Genotype = its actual genetic makeup (represented with capital and/or lower case letters)

  11. BB & Bb are alike phenotypically (both are black) but different genotypically (genetically)

  12. Homozygous- when 2 genes for a particular trait are the same (TT or tt) • Heterozygous- having 2 different forms of a gene for a particular trait (Tt)

  13. Incomplete Dominance Some genes are neither dominant nor recessive, traits appear to be blended together Examples: 4 o’clock flower, palomino (horse)

  14. Cross between chestnut brown & a white horse = Palomino

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