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War Mep

War Mep. What causes day and night? (Please get this right…) Do you see different stars at night here than you do in Oregon? Why or why not? How Big is the Universe?. Vocabulary. Universe Galaxy Solar system Big Bang Theory Planet Dwarf planet Comet Asteroid Meteorites Sun

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War Mep

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  1. War Mep • What causes day and night? (Please get this right…) • Do you see different stars at night here than you do in Oregon? Why or why not? • How Big is the Universe?

  2. Vocabulary • Universe • Galaxy • Solar system • Big Bang Theory • Planet • Dwarf planet • Comet • Asteroid • Meteorites • Sun • Solar Flare • Star • Constellation • Nebula • Light Year • Black hole • Quasars • Refracting Telescope • Reflecting Telescope • Parallax • Electromagnetic spectrum • Spectrograph • Parsec • Lunar Eclipse • Solar Eclipse • Globular clusters • Planetary nebulae

  3. Universe Galaxy • All of space and everything in it • A large group of stars, solar systems, and associated gas and dust in space that is bound by gravity Solar System • Composed of one or more stars and the planets and other bodies that orbit around the star(s)

  4. Big Bang Theory • The universe began with a violent explosion about 10-15 billion years ago • Since then, the universe has been expanding • We believe it is still expanding! • Matter in the universe collected to form stars  stars died in supernova explosions  explosions added new elements to the universe • About 5 billion years ago, a nebula collapsed to form the solar system

  5. Big Bang Theory • Since the “big bang” created the entire universe, space and time did not exist before the big bang • “Space” and “Time” are concepts that came into being when our universe began

  6. How did our Solar System form? • About 5 billion years ago, a nebula collapsed to form the solar system • Slowly the nebula shrank into a spinning disk • Gravity pulled the matter into the disk’s center – sun was born • Gas and dust started to collect to form spheres • Spheres closest to the sun lost most of their gases and dust/rock collected and became very dense = inner planets (Earth, Mars, etc) • Spheres farther away retained gases to form gas giant plants = Jupiter, Saturn, etc

  7. Planet • Any celestial body (other than comets or satellites) that revolves around a star.

  8. Dwarf Planet • Acelestial body orbiting the Sun that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity but has not cleared its neighboring region of planetesimals and is not a satellite.

  9. Comet • A small body of ice, rock, and dust that revolves around a star and forms a tail as it passes close to the star Halley’s Comet

  10. Asteroid • Small, irregular, rocky objects that orbit the sun

  11. Meteorites • Pieces of rock (stone or iron) that originate in space and survive a fall to the ground through Earth's atmosphere • Most are remnants of asteroids or possibly comets

  12. Planetesimals? Did you just make that up!?! • Term given to objects in the early solar system that had reached the size of small moons, at which point their gravitational fields were strong enough to begin to influence their neighbors.

  13. Sun • The Sun is a star! • Source of light & heat for the planets in the solar system • Contains 99.85% of the mass in the solar system • the Earth revolves around the Sun

  14. Solar Flare • a sudden eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface • associated with sunspots and radio interference

  15. Star • a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior Constellations • A pattern of stars in the sky Sagittarius Aries

  16. Nebula • A large amount of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume How are stars made? • All stars begin as parts of nebulas • Gravity pulls some of the gas and dust together • This cloud of dust and gas is called a “photostar” • When this cloud of dust and gas gets so hot that nuclear fusion occurs…a star is born! • Nuclear fusion – atoms of hydrogen combine to form helium and lots of energy is released

  17. Light-Year • The distance that light travels in one year • A measurement of distance, not time! • In space, light travels at a speed of about 300,000 kilometers per second • 300,000 km = 186,411 miles = over 11,000 football fields! • That’s 11,000 football fields a second! • In one year, light travels about 9.5 trillion kilometers (about 6 trillion miles)

  18. Black Hole • The remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity Quasar • A distant galaxy with a black hole at its center

  19. Vocabulary • Refracting Telescope • Reflecting Telescope • Parallax • Electromagnetic spectrum • Spectrograph • Parsec • Lunar Eclipse • Solar Eclipse • Globular clusters • Planetary nebulae

  20. Parallax • The apparent change in position of an object when you look at it from a different places

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