A NEW CENTURY Sec. 32-3 Pages 936-944

1. A NEW CENTURYSec. 32-3 Pages 936-944 • Define: grassroots – budget deficit –line-item veto –gross domestic product – impeach – incumbent – internet – ozone – global warming – terrorism • Identify: Election of 1992 – Brady Bill- Contract with America – Election of 1996 – Whitewater Scandal – Election of 2000 – Enron scandal – Sept. 11,2001 attack on World Trade Center

2. Election of 1992 • Rep. – George H. W. Bush /Dan Quayle • Dem.- William Clinton (Ark. Gov)/ Al Gore (Tenn Sen.) • Reform Party - H. Ross Perot ( Tx businessman) • grassroots movement – people organizing at local level • stressed need to end gov’t’s deficit spending ( spending more money than it takes in) • Campaign focused on economy • Clinton wins

3. Domestic Policies • Reduce budget deficit (amount by which gov’t spending exceeds revenue) • Proposed cutting gov’t spending – raising taxes for middle and upper income citizens – tax credits to poor. • Health care reform – provide for every American – put wife, Hillary Rodham Clinton, to head task force – plan rejected by Congress • 1993- Brady Bill – waiting period and background check for handgun purchases. • 1994 Crime Bill – banned some assault weapons and added 100,000 new police officers • 1993 – Family & Medical Leave – workers get time off to care for family

4. Contract with America • Rep. Newt Gingrich plan – reduce federal gov’t, balance budget, lower taxes, reform Congress operations, pass laws to reduce crime, reform welfare, strengthen family • 1994 elections – Republicans control House & Senate – first time in 40 years. • Congress passed line-item veto –power that allows president to cancel individual spending items in bill – later will be overturned by Supreme Court – would need to be granted by amendment • Pres. Pushed for increase in minimum wage – put 5 yr limit for welfare benefits

5. 1996 Election • Dem – Bill Clinton / Al Gore • Rep. - Robert Dole/ Jack Kemp • Economy strong – unemployment at 30 yr. low – • Clinton wins easily • Following year the gross domestic product (GDP)- value of all good and services produced in nation grew by 4%- highest growth rate since WWII. • Congress & President cut back federal budget - by 1998 the federal budget had a surplus of $80 billion – first surplus in three decades

6. Whitewater Scandal • 1994- Atty. Gen. Janet Reno appointed Ken Starr to investigate legal questions on real estate investments Clintons made while governor of Arkansas. • Early 1998 – sexual scandal involving Clinton and intern, Monica Lawinsky. Evidence of perjury (lying under oath) by Pres. Clinton. • House voted to impeach (formal accusation of wrongdoing). Clinton second president to be impeached and acquitted (found not guilty) • Senate voted 55-45 not guilty on perjury and 50-50 on obstruction of justice.

7. FOREIGN POLICY • 1993 – North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) – US, Canada, Mexico eliminate trade barriers – some feared jobs would be lost – others said it would lower prices. Sept. 1993- Israeli prime minister, Yitzhak Rabin and Yassir Arafat, head of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) signed agreement recognizing Israel’s right to exist and PLO as representative of Palestinians 1995- Israeli extremist assassinated PM Rabin 2001 – Prime Minister Ariel Sharon pledged to put Israel’s security above the peace process.

8. Balkans • In Bosnia , Serbians continued ethnic cleansing (killing or expelling from their homes certain ethnic groups) of Muslims • Dec. 1995- Dayton Accords brought peace • 1998- Serbian leader ,Slobodan Milosevic. tried to drive out Muslims from Kosovo. • US and NATO launched air strikes – Serbs withdrew and Muslims could return.

9. 2000 Election • Dem.- Al Gore(VP) / Joseph Lieberman • Rep – George Bush (Tx Gov.)/ Richard Cheney (Former Sec. of Defense for Bush Sr.) Issues were budget surplus- Social Security & Medicare reform- tax cuts . Election close – recount in Florida –both men needed state ‘s 25 electoral votes to win Dec. 12, Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that hand recount ordered by Florida Sup. Court violated equal protection clause of Constitution. Gore conceded. Bush became 43rd president on Jan. 20, 2001

10. BUSH ADMINISTRATION • US Senate split 50/50 – V.P. Cheney, president of Senate could cast vote if there is a tie • Later, May 2001, one Republican became independent – giving Democrats 50-49-1 control. • Bush’s Cabinet • Sec. of State – Colin Powell • Sec. of Labor – Elaine Chao ( 1st Asian woman in cabinet) • Nat’l Security Adviser – Condoleezza Rice • June 2001 – Bush signed largest reduction in federal taxes – 10 yr. $1.3 trillion tax cut bill

11. Foreign Affairs • National Missile Defense System – protect US from incoming missiles –shoot down before reach US airspace. • Powell Doctrine – use US troops only when national interest is at stake – there is a clear, realistic goal.

12. SOCIAL CHANGES • Stimulate global economic growth Growth of technology industries • Reform Medicare 2000 Census – population living longer –provide better health plans – prescription drugs • Tighten regulations for Corporations Enron scandal – bankruptcy cost investors billions Gov’t toughened penalties for dishonest executives • Improve environment Ozone layer thinning – global warming

13. Terrorism • Use of violence by groups against civilians to achieve a political goal • April 1995- Tim McVeigh -Murrah Federal Bldg in Oklahoma City • Jan. 1998 – Unabomber Ted Kaczynski – guilty of mail bombings • Sept. 11, 2001 – World Trade Center & Pentagon attack