R-E-S-P-E-C-T find out what it means to me

1. R-E-S-P-E-C-T find out what it means to me The Women’s Suffrage Movement U.S. History///Paulson Dec 8., 2010

2. Spark 13 New rules for my class 1. You will not date while at Coronado High School. 2. You now have a curfew. You must be home between the hours of 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. unless attending a school function. 3. You may not loiter downtown in any ice cream stores. 4. You may not leave the city limits unless you have my permission. 5. You may not smoke cigarettes. 6. You may not under any circumstances dye your hair. 7. You may not dress in bright colors. 8. You may not ride in a carriage or automobile with any male unless he is your father or brother. 9. You will not wear revealing clothing. You must wear a jacket or sweatshirt at all times. 10. Your dresses must not be any shorter than 2 inches above the ankles

3. Spark 13 – Actual rules for female teachers ---1900 1. You will not marry during the term of your contract. You are not to keep company with men. 2. You must be home between the hours of 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. unless attending a school function. 3. You may not loiter downtown in any ice cream stores. 4. You may not travel beyond the city limits unless you have permission of the chairmen of the board. 5. You may not smoke cigarettes. 6. You may not under any circumstances dye your hair. 7. You may not dress in bright colors. 8. You may not ride in a carriage or automobile with any man unless he be your father or brother. 9. You must wear at least two petticoats. 10. Your dresses must not be any shorter than 2 inches above the ankles

4. Spark 13 • Which of my rules makes you want to cuss at me, try to get me fired, laugh at me, or sit back in your desk with your arms crossed and say, “whatever,” the most • What do you think were some of the arguments against women’s suffrage?

5. Timeline 1848: First women's rights convention held - Seneca Falls, New York. Outlines grievances and sets the agenda for the women's rights movement. 1869: May- Susan B. Anthony / Elizabeth Cady Stanton form National Woman Suffrage Association. The primary goal of organization is: achieve voting rights for women by means of a Congressional amendment to the ConstitutionNov-.Lucy Stone/ Henry Blackwell form the American Woman Suffrage Association. Group focuses exclusively on gaining voting rights for women through amendments to individual state constitutions. 1890: NWSA and the AWSA merge to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). As the movement's mainstream organization, NAWSA wages state-by-state campaigns to obtain voting rights for women 1893: Colorado is the first state to adopt an amendment granting women the right to vote. Utah and Idaho follow suit in 1896, Washington State in 1910, California in 1911, Oregon, Kansas, and Arizona in 1912, Alaska and Illinois in 1913, Montana and Nevada in 1914, New York in 1917; Michigan, South Dakota, and Oklahoma in 1918. 1913: Alice Paul / Lucy Burns form the Congressional Union to work toward the passage of a federal amendment to give women the vote. The group is later renamed the National Women's Party. Members picket the White House and practice other forms of civil disobedience. 1916: Margaret Sanger opens the first U.S. birth-control clinic in Brooklyn, N.Y. Although the clinic is shut down 10 days later and Sanger is arrested, she eventually wins support through the courts and opens another clinic in New York City in 1923 1919: The federal woman suffrage amendment, originally written by Susan B. Anthony and introduced in Congress in 1878, is passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate. It is then sent to the states for ratification 1920:Aug. 26The 19th Amendment to the Constitution, granting women the right to vote, is signed into law by Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby

6. Why did it take so long?? • What were the arguments AGAINST women’s suffrage? • http://stories.washingtonhistory.org/suffrage/LessonPlans/Slideshow.aspx

7. Arguments against (don’t get mad at me!!) 1. Because no woman should or will leave her domestic duties to vote. 2. Because no woman who may vote will attend to her domestic duties. 3. Because it will make dissension between husband and wife. 4. Because every woman will vote as her husband tells her to. 5. Because bad women will corrupt politics. 6. Because bad politics will corrupt women.

8. Arguments against (don’t get mad at me!!) 7. Because women have no power of organization. 8. Because women will form a solid party and outvote men. 9. Because men and women are so different that they must stick to different duties. 10. Because men and women are so much alike that men, with one vote each, can represent their own views and ours too. 11. Because women cannot use force. 12. Women simply do not want to vote.

9. 3 phases • Early Phase 1848 – 1890 • Middle Phase 1890 – 1910 • Final Phase 1910 – 1920

10. Phase 1 • Seneca Falls 1848 • Elizabeth Cady Stanton-skilled speaker and writer • Susan B. Anthony-never tired strategist and organizer • founded American Equal Rights Assoc. • Start suffragist paper- The Revolution • Split b/n AWSA and NWSA • Anthony starts Civil Disobedience • Convicted, fined $100, refused to pay • Go for states or federal amendment?

11. Phase 2 • The energy fades a bit • Younger leaders form NAWSA • Some gains: married women could buy, sell, will property, more women working • Tons of progressive energy and reform yet…still no vote…

12. Phase 3 • New leadership and energy needed • Carrie Chapman Catt • Alice Paul and Lucy Burns-the zealots • Form Congressional Union (CU) • Aggressive and militant campaign • WWI – April 1917 • Women step up to patriotic duty • Ambulance corps, medical work, filling in at jobs----roles were thrown out during wartime

13. Finally…why? • 1918 – prohibition passed (18th Amend.) • no more reason for liquor interests to fight it • By 1918 many states had already passed suffrage legislation • Alice Paul and Lucy Burns negative press from treatment in prison • 1919 – 19th Amendment passed • Grants women full suffrage • August 1920 Tenn. becomes 36th state to ratify and it becomes law

14. Finish your reading guide • I will collect all of it on Friday