Unit 3

1. Unit 3 Manufacturing and Industry

2. Task for students • You are going to study a text about electrical engineering. While studying, take notes of important information about electrical engineering. After the study, you’ll answer some review questions without referring to the text again.

3. Electrical engineering -- Definition • Electrical engineering — sometimes referred to as electrical and electronic engineering — is an engineering field that deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism(电磁). The field first became an identifiable(可以确认的) occupation in the late nineteenth

4. Electrical engineering--Coverage • century after commercialization(商业化) of the electric telegraph(电报) and electrical power supply(电力供应). The field now covers a range of sub-studies including power, electronics, control systems, signal processing(信号处理) and telecommunications(远程通讯).

5. Electrical engineering -- Distinction with electronic engineering • Electrical engineering may or may not encompass(包含) electronic engineering. Where a distinction(区别) is made, usually outside of the United States, electrical engineering is considered to deal with the problems associated with large-scale

6. Electrical engineering -- Distinction with electronic engineering • electrical systems such as power transmission(传输) and motor control(电机的控制), whereas electronic engineering deals with the study of small-scale electronic systems including computers and integrated circuits.

7. Electrical engineering -- Distinction with electronic engineering • Another way of looking at the distinction is that electrical engineers are usually concerned with using electricity to transmit energy, while electronic engineers are concerned with using electricity to transmit information.

8. Electrical engineering --Complex electronic circuits • Electronic engineering deals with the study of small-scale electronic systems including computers and integrated circuits. • Electricity is used to transmit information.

9. Education in electrical engineering • Education • Electrical engineers typically possess an academic degree with a major in electrical engineering. The length of study for such a degree is usually four or five years and the completed degree may be designated as a Bachelor of Engineering, Bachelor of

10. Education in electrical engineering • Science, Bachelor of Technology or Bachelor of Applied Science depending upon the university. The degree generally includes units covering physics, mathematics, computer science, project management and specific topics in electrical engineering. Initially such

11. Education in electrical engineering topics cover most, if not all, of the sub-disciplines of electrical engineering. Students then choose to specialize in one or more sub-disciplines towards the end of the degree. Some electrical engineers also choose to pursue a postgraduate degree such as a Master of Engineering/Master of Science (MEng/MSc), a Master of Engineering Management, a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Engineering, an Engineering Doctorate

12. Education in electrical engineering (EngD), or an Engineer‘s degree. The Master and Engineer’s degree may consist of either research, coursework or a mixture of the two. The Doctor of Philosophy and Engineering Doctorate degrees consist of a significant research component and are often viewed as the entry point to academia(学术界). In the United Kingdom and various other European countries, the Master of Engineering is often considered an undergraduate degree of slightly longer duration than the Bachelor of Engineering.

13. Review questions • What is electrical engineering? • It’s a(n) ___ field that deals with the study and application of ___, ___, ___ and ___. • engineering, electricity, electronics and electromagnetism(电磁).

14. Review questions • Can you name some of the substudies of electrical engineering? • The field now covers a range of sub-studies including ___, ___, ___, ___ and ___(远程通讯). • power, electronics, control systems, signal processing and telecommunications

15. Review questions • What distinction is made between electrical engineering and electronic engineering? • --different scales • --what to transmit by using electricity • large-scale electrical systems (electrical) • small-scale electronic systems (electronic) • transmit energy (electrical) • transmit information (electronic)

16. Review questions • Which does each of the following belong to, elctrical engineering or electronic engineering? • power transmission • computers • motor control • integrated circuits

17. Review questions • What is the academic degree related? • Bachelor of Engineering or • Bachelor of Science or • Bachelor of Technology or • Bachelor of Applied Science

18. Review questions • What is the master degree? • Master of Engineering (MEng) • Master of Science (MSc) • a Master of Engineering Management • What degrees do PhD and EngD refer to? • Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) • Engineering Doctorate (EngD)

19. The PhD and EngD degrees consist of a significant ___ component and are often viewed as the entry point to ___. • research, academia

20. website for reference • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineering

21. Vocabulary • diverse (a.)变化多的, diversity (n.)多样性 • discipline: field学科领域 • involve: to contain as a part; include.包括 • application应用 • manufacture生产,制造 • devices设备,设施 • generate产生, generator发电机, 发生器 • signal信号 • branch分支,分科(n.);使成分支(v.)

22. Vocabulary • distribution配电,分配 • utilization利用 • motors发电机,发动机 • transmission传动装置[系统] • control控制器, 调节装置 • vacuum tube真空管 • transistor晶体管 • storing存储 • process加工, 处理 • transfer转移,传递

23. Reading • Electrical Engineering is the largest and most (1) diverse field of engineering and is the discipline that (2) employs the largest number of engineers. It involves the development, design, application, and manufacture of systems and devices that (3) generate and use electric power and electric signals. Despite its great (4) diversity,

24. Reading • electrical engineering can be divided into four main (5) branches: electric power, communications, electronics, and computer hardware. Electrical engineering first developed with the (6) production, distribution, and utilization of electric power. Electrical engineers design and manufacture (7) generators, motors, transmission systems, and controls. When the vacuum

25. Reading • tube was (8) invented, electrical engineering (9) branched into communications systems, including radio and television, and electronic engineering. Later, with the (10) inventor of the transistor, electrical and computer engineers were (11) employed to (12) produce the hardware needed for storing, processing, and transferring information.

26. Electrical engineering • Electrical engineering • -- the largest and most diverse field of engineering • -- employs the largest number of engineers • Four branches of electrical engineering • electric power • communications • electronics • computer hardware

27. Task 3 • 1 work, do • 2 makes, am working • 3 design, am creating • 4 work, operate

28. Unit 3 Lesson 3

29. Vocabulary • coordinate (协调) • construction (构建) • maintenance (维护) • site (站点) • configuring (配置) • install (安装) • ordering (订货)

30. Vocabulary • inventory (存货清单) • billing (营业总量) • payroll (薪金名册) • algorithms (运算法则) • code programs (代码编程) • intranet (内联网) • growth (发展)

31. Reading • Q: 1. What’s your job? • A: I’m a computer systems software engineer. • Q: 2. And what do you do actually? • A: I coordinate (协调) the construction (构建) and maintenance (维护) of a company’s computer systems.

32. Reading • Q: 3. Do you work here at SysTech or outside? • A: A bit of both, I’m here some of the time but I also spend a lot of time on site (站点) configuring (配置) and installing (安装) computer systems at a company.

33. Reading • Q: 4. What sort of things do you do for a company? • A: Well, companies have various needs. They have to organize things like ordering (订货), inventory (存货清单), billing (营业总量), payroll (薪金名册), etc. I help companies to coordinate their computer systems in these departments.

34. Q: 5. Do you actually write software programs? • A: No, not really. As a software engineer, I need to have good programming skills, but I’m more concerned with developing algorithms (运算法则) and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code programs (代码编程).

35. Q: 6. What else do you do? • A: I also help companies to set up their intranet (内联网) systems and, in general, I make suggestions about the technical direction of a company and I help them to plan for future growth (发展).

36. Task 5 (True or False) • a. Claudia is responsible for the construction of the company. • -- F (the company’s computer systems) • b. Her area of expertise is computers. • -- T (computer systems software belongs to the expertise of computer)

37. c. Software engineers are good at writing computer programs. • -- T • d. Computer software engineers can be involved in consultations. • -- T (make suggestions) • e. Claudia spends a lot of time sitting at her desk. • -- F (help the companies – go to the companies)

38. Task 4 • Habitual or repeated actions • -- 2, 6 • Facts and truths • -- 3, 5, 7, 9 , 10 • Attitudes, feelings, opinions • -- 1, 4, 8

39. Vocabulary • inventory: the quantity of goods and materials on hand; stock.存货总值：手头上货物和材料的数量；库存 • billing: the total amount of business done in a specific period, as by an advertising agency or a law firm.常作 billings 营业额：在某特定时期内所做业务的总量，如一家广告公司或法律公司

40. Vocabulary • payroll: • 1) a list of employees receiving wages or salaries, with the amounts due to each. • 薪金名册：领工资或薪金的雇员名单，带有每个人应付数额 • 2) the total sum of money to be paid out to employees at a given time. • 薪金总额：在指定时间付给工人的工资总额

41. Review of Lesson 3 • Computer engineers’ work • coordinating (协调) the construction (构建) and maintenance (维护) of computer systems • site (站点) configuring (配置) and installing (安装) computer systems • coordinating computer systems in various departments

42. Review • Computer engineers’ work • developing algorithms (运算法则) and analyzing and solving programming problems • setting up their intranet (内联网) systems • making suggestions about the technical direction of a company and planning for the future.