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Connected

Connected. Network characteristics. A social network is an organized set of people that consists of two kinds of elements: human beings and the connections between them. Networks have shapes. Where you are in the network affects your experiences. Rule 1: We shape our networks.

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Connected

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  1. Connected

  2. Network characteristics • A social network is an organized set of people that consists of two kinds of elements: human beings and the connections between them. • Networks have shapes. Where you are in the network affects your experiences.

  3. Rule 1: We shape our networks • We chose friends, many of them similar to us • We chose how many friends • We chose how much to connect our friends with each other • We chose how central we are in our networks

  4. Rule 2: Our network shapes us • Are our friends connected? • How many friends do our friends have?

  5. Rule 3: Our friends affect us • Rule 4: Our friends’ friends’ friends’ affect us. • Rule 5: The network has a life of its own • Six Degrees of Separation and Three Degrees of Influence

  6. Stephen Mitchell Reading:History of News • Mitchell wrote about how surprised Europeans were at the speed at which news traveled in the African bush • The news traveled through social networks – it spread from village to village very efficiently, and given the tight connections in each village, could spread nearly instantly within villages.

  7. As large cities developed • The “three degrees of influence” described in the Christakis readings meant that people no longer had access to all the news they might want or need to know, simply through their social networks • Another delivery mechanism for news developed to meet the demand: journalists and newspapers

  8. Over time… • The development of more efficient means of transmitting information grew into the “mass media.” • Journalistic connections with “the public” grew less personal, less connected. Audiences became anonymous, indistinguishable masses.

  9. Journalists • Still operated within social networks but the networks included mostly sources and other journalists • The ties that connected journalists to ‘the public’ were one-way ties, designed for information flows that were uni-directional

  10. Cognitive Surplus, Clay Shirky • Describes the development of an economy that included more free time than individuals and society had ever had before • This ‘surplus of free time’ was spent in watching TV. Millions of people around the world spend millions of hours watching TV

  11. The move from mass to networks • Technology and culture empower people to form diverse networks that operate alongside the mass media • These networks are destroying the economic model that allowed mass media to be stunningly successful businesses

  12. The growth of networked journalism • Practiced by a much wider variety of people • To much more defined communities • With broader definitions of what counts as journalism • Using more distributed methods

  13. We will still valueprofessional journalists • But their role will change, from that of serving as an authority, an actor on behalf of the public • To a role as bridges, connectors, facilitators between and of networks • And perhaps, as respected moderators known for truthfulness, fairness and civility

  14. Journalists have a special role • The network can shape us, but we shape the network as well, and society puts it on journalist's shoulders to shape the network in a way to help people through the passing of important information.  Everybody can spread information, but we as journalists supply the public with reliable facts that can keep social networks from believing false facts.(Eric Wilkinson)

  15. We will have many more amateur journalists • People who commit acts of journalism • People who do journalism part-time • People who become experts in niche subjects • People who consume, share and produce news

  16. Editors will become more important • To filter enormous amounts of information • To highlight the factual and useful • To publish it in ways people can easily access

  17. Editors to Curators • Editors select what they think you should know and publish it (the grocery store model) • “Curate suggests the functions of editing, aggregating, organizing, culling, directing or conducting.” (N. Elizabeth Schlatter) (the local foods expert model)

  18. Your curation and production • You are curating news for yourself and publishing it on your iGoogle site • With our Ning site, you are creating content and participating with others in making meaning • On the Wiki site you are creating collective knowledge (see Wikimania, 2006)

  19. Today’s challenge • To create a collective study guide for the midterm using the course wiki • (In the future we’ll discuss other ways to pool our collective intelligence)

  20. Midterm • Multiple choice and short answer questions about key points from the readings: Stephens (History of News) Lasch (Lost Art of Argument), Kovach (Verification, Independence), Sunstein (Republic 2.0), Sunstein (Polarization), Jackson and Jamieson (UnSpun), Christakis (Connected)

  21. Midterm • Multiple choice and short answer questions about key points from class discussions: • History of news, types of news, credibility, source evaluation, truthfulness, fact and opinion, gatekeeping, gatewatching, differences between journalism as product and journalism as process, editing, curation, influences of social media on journalism, multitasking audiences, and more.

  22. In-class participation • Turn in [credible] questions you’d like to see on the midterm for 2 points in-class participation.

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