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ARGUMENTS FOR & AGAINST

ARGUMENTS FOR & AGAINST. KEY THEMES. Economic Political Religious Succession Social . KEY PEOPLE. John Clerk of Penicuik : PRO-UNION for economic reasons. John Ker, 5th earl of Roxburghe : PRO-UNION for Personal interests.

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ARGUMENTS FOR & AGAINST

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  1. ARGUMENTS FOR & AGAINST

  2. KEY THEMES • Economic • Political • Religious • Succession • Social

  3. KEY PEOPLE • John Clerk of Penicuik: PRO-UNION for economic reasons. • John Ker, 5th earl of Roxburghe : PRO-UNION for Personal interests. • Daniel Defoe: An English Spy in Scotland, sent to promote the union. Been recognised as ‘England’s chief pamphleteer of the Union of 1707’. • Defoe presented the Union as the only way to end age-old warring.

  4. KEY PEOPLE • SquadroneVolante: Political group PRO-UNION. Many members had invested heavily in Darien and believed they would receive compensation for their losses upon full union with England.

  5. FOCUS: SCOTLAND You will each have information sheets from which you will complete a chart. • MUST have a development e.g. example/ explanation with each point. • Aim for AT LEAST 2 points per theme. • Key idea: WHY SCOTLAND WAS FOR/AGAINST THE UNION.

  6. FOR UNION Economic: • Union would help Scotland’s poor economy. Darien had made Scotland poor. End to Navigation Acts – Scotland could trade with English colonies. • Empire – English links.

  7. FOR UNION Political • Offered additional support in case of political threat to nation. • Equal treatment in parliament – could lead to equal trade. • English army at the border – political pressure in terms of threat of invasion.

  8. FOR UNION Social • Farmers losing homes. Stable economic background. • Personal Gain: John Ker of Roxburghewas given a Dukedom. But shouldn’t regard it as bribery.

  9. FOR UNION Religious • Many Scots afraid of Popery – threat of this reduced. • Act of Settlement – ensure no Roman Catholic monarch.

  10. FOR UNION Succession • Hanoverian succession would secure Scottish Protestantism – no Catholic monarch. • Wouldn’t go back to the Stuarts.

  11. AGAINST UNION Economic • Taxes may increase. • English trade would be favoured over Scottish – leaving Scottish economy as it was; no development. E.G. Darien. English unwilling to fund it in case it was detrimental to their trade. • Scottish trade was different to England’s. This wouldn’t be given thought in a joint parliament. • Some feared ruin of Scottish manufacturing industry due to difficulties in competing with those of England. • Scottish people feared they would lose out on trade in Europe.

  12. AGAINST UNION Political • People felt that independent sovereignty would be sacrificed. • Commissioners thought the Claim of Right would be undermined by the relationship between the British parliament and the crown. • Landowners feared reduction in status of Scottish nobility in new British parliament. • Representation in parliament was proportional to size, therefore, Scotland would have a smaller number of MPs than England. Fear that Scotland’s voice wouldn’t be heard & issues overlooked.

  13. AGAINST UNION Social • Threat to Scotland’s legal system & liberties • Loss of Scots identity • Anglo-phobia: hatred/dislike of English demonstrated in pamphlets.

  14. AGAINST UNION Religious • Didn’t want changes made to Scottish church system. • Most in favour of Episcopalian (last resort) • Jacobites: wanted Stuarts back. Full union would stop this from happening.

  15. AGAINST UNION Succession • Link back to Jacobite issue.

  16. FULL V FEDERAL FULL - Concerns: • Increase in tax • Competition for trade • Loss of sovereignty • Loss of national identity • Loss of laws & liberties • 91 petitions against full union. FEDERAL –Attractions: • Keep Parliament, laws and church • Co-operation & agreement would exist in terms of trade etc.

  17. KEY PERSON ANTI-UNION: Andrew Fletcher of Saltoun • Wanted Scottish Parliament to have greater powers & the monarchy and nobility to have less. • He viewed Alien Act as an abuse of royal powers • He proposed 12 Limitations on royal & noble powers • He supported Act of Security etc.

  18. ARGUMENTS FOR & AGAINST ENGLAND

  19. ENGLAND • Important to remember that England was initially hostile to a closer union with Scotland. • Tory Leader, Edward Seymour (1700) described Scotland as a ‘blood sucking louse’. • The English rejected FOUR Scottish approaches for a closer union between 1660-1702. USE THIS IN AN ANSWER!!!!

  20. ENGLAND: FOR? • MILITARY • ECONOMIC • POLITICAL

  21. ENGLAND: FOR?

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