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The 8 Parts of Speech

The 8 Parts of Speech. 1. NOUNS. A noun is a word that names…. people. places. things. and ideas. Nouns can be divided into two categories: 1. Concrete Nouns 2. Abstract Nouns. Concrete nouns. name people, places, and things that you can see and touch. Abstract Nouns.

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The 8 Parts of Speech

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  1. The 8 Parts of Speech

  2. 1. NOUNS

  3. A noun is a word that names…

  4. people

  5. places

  6. things

  7. and ideas.

  8. Nouns can be divided into two categories:1. Concrete Nouns2. Abstract Nouns

  9. Concrete nouns name people, places, and things that you can see and touch.

  10. Abstract Nouns name ideas and qualities. -Picasso

  11. Ideas: freedom, love, faith. Can I see or touch these things? * No, they are ideas.

  12. Qualities: fun, bravery, honesty. Can I see or touch these things? * No, they are qualities.

  13. There are also two types of nouns:1. Common2. Proper

  14. A common noun names any Person Place Thing

  15. A proper noun names a particular Person Place Thing

  16. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter.

  17. Common or Proper? woman - common KatnissEverdeen proper city - common Paris - proper

  18. And one more thing to remember about nouns is…

  19. They can be Compound and Collective.

  20. Compound: A noun that includes more than one word. peanut butter living room ice cream

  21. Collective: a noun that names a group of people or things. band committee family swarm

  22. 2. Prounouns

  23. A pronoun replaces a noun in a sentence. “girl” (noun) becomes “she” (pronoun) in the following sentences: The girl ran every morning. She was in excellent health.

  24. The noun a pronoun replaces is called…

  25. Antecedent What is the antecedent in the sentences we looked at before? “The girl ran every morning. She is in excellent health.” * The noun, “girl” is the antecedent.

  26. Personal pronouns can be divided into two groups: 1. First person2. Second person3. Third person

  27. First person=the person speaking: I, me, my mine (singular, first person pronouns) we us, our, ours (plural first person pronouns)

  28. Second person=the person spoken to you, your, yours (singular and plural second person pronouns)

  29. Third person=the person or thing someone is speaking about. he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its (singular third person pronouns) they, them, their, theirs (plural, third person pronouns)

  30. Reflexive Pronouns A reflexive pronoun reflects back to a noun or pronoun already mentioned in the sentence. For example, “Pioneers organized themselves.”

  31. Intensive Pronouns * An intensive pronoun is used after a noun to emphasize a statement. For example: “Susie herself could not have survived the hardships of such a trek.”

  32. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns include: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself (singular) ourselves, yourselves, themselves (plural)

  33. Indefinite pronouns refer to unnamed people, places, things or ideas Common Indefinite pronouns: another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, somebody, someone, something (singular) both, few, many, others, several (plural) all, any, more, most, none, some (singular/plural)

  34. Pronoun Agreement A pronoun must agree with its antecedent. If the antecedent is singular, the pronoun should be singular. If the antecedent is plural, the pronoun should be plural. For example: Everything (singular) was in its (singular) place. The kids (plural) brought their (plural) lunches.

  35. 3. Verbs * A verb is a word that expresses action or a state of being

  36. State of action: Run

  37. State of Being: (to be lazy)

  38. There are different types of verbs: Action Verb Helping Verb Linking Verb

  39. And there are two classes of verbs: Transitive Intransitive

  40. Lets look at the types first…

  41. Action Verb Tells the action a subject is performing. John (subject) runs (action verb).

  42. Some action verbs also show mental action or ownership/possesion. Mental action: I (subject) study (action verb). Ownership/Possession: She (subject) has (action verb) cats.

  43. Helping/Auxiliary Verbs Helping verbs are found in verb phrases. A verb phrase includes a main verb and one or more helping verbs.

  44. The helping verb comes before the main verb. For example—The whales will (helping verb) have (helping verb) migrated (action verb). A verb phrase may be interrupted by other words—For example: The students (subject) could (helping verb) certainly learn (action verb) more about the sea.

  45. Common Helping Verbs

  46. Now lets look at the two classes of verbs, Transitive and Intransitive…

  47. Transitive verbs are action verbs.

  48. Transitive verbs pass the action from a “doer” to a “receiver.”

  49. Example: Many birds eat (transitive verb) insects (object/receiver)

  50. Intransitive verbs express action about the subject, but does not pass the action to a receiver.

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