1. Bone Repair

2. Hematoma • A hematoma is a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels but confined within an organ or space. • There are several types of hematomas • Subungual hematoma • Perichondral hematoma • Subarachnoid hematoma  • Subdural hematoma  • There are different degrees too • Petechiae • Purpura • Ecchvmosis

3. What really is a bone hematoma?

4. CALLUS FORMATION • Callus- is a mass of tissue that forms at a fracture site and connects the broken ends of the bone • Internal Callus- forms between the ends of the broken bone, and in the marrow cavity if the fracture occures in the diaphysis of a long bone • External Callus- forms a collar around the opposing ends of the bone fragments

5. What is an external Callus

6. What is an internal callus?

7. Callus Ossification • 1 of 2 essential processes during fetal development of the skeletal system • Creates bone tissue • Vital during rudimentary formation of long bones, growth and length of long bones, and natural healing of bone fractures • Results in stronger external callus • Internal callus forms and replaces hematoma, osteoblasts from periosteum enter internal callus and begin to produce bone • Woven, cancellous bone replaces cartilage of internal and external callus which further stabalizes the broken bone

8. Callus ossification

9. Bone Remodeling • mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton • new bone tissue is formed • reshape or replacement of bone following injuries like fractures but also micro-damage, which occurs during normal activity • first year of life, almost 100% of the skeleton is replaced. In adults, remodeling proceeds at about 10% per year

10. Bone Remodeling

11. Let’s Review!!