1 / 14

Connective Tissue, Specialized Tissue and Repair

Connective Tissue, Specialized Tissue and Repair. Biology 2121 Chapter 4. Characteristics of Connective Tissue. General Characteristics Less cellular ; nonliving part Vascular (exception is cartilage) Innervated Functions Protection and insulation (organs)

malina
Télécharger la présentation

Connective Tissue, Specialized Tissue and Repair

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Connective Tissue, Specialized Tissue and Repair Biology 2121 Chapter 4

  2. Characteristics of Connective Tissue • GeneralCharacteristics • Lesscellular; nonliving part • Vascular (exception is cartilage) • Innervated • Functions • Protection and insulation (organs) • Binds tissues – ligaments • Transports vital substances (blood) • Stored energy source (adipose tissue) • Supports epithelial tissue • StemCell – Mesenchyme • All CT cells originate

  3. CT Stem Cell • StemCell – Mesenchyme • All CT cells originate from this embryonic stem cell • Each type of CT has a specific ‘main’ cell type • Secretes the matrix • Maintains the tissue

  4. General Characteristics - Structure • LessCells-MoreMatrix • Refers to the “non-cellular” part of connective tissue • Fibers, water, organic molecules, acid 3. Othercelltypes • May or may not be present • Mast cells; macrophages; adipose cells; plasma cells

  5. The Matrix • Composed of ‘groundsubstance’ and ‘fibers’ • GroundSubstance • Between cells and fibers • Water • Organicmolecules – ‘Glycosaminoglycans’ (GAG’s) • Protein core (proteoglycans) with GAGs attached • Chondroitin sulfate; keratan sulfate; Hyaluraonic acid 2. Function of the GroundSubstance • Water storage; binds and supports cells; tissue development

  6. Fibers • 3. Fibers • (a). Collagen – found in bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments • Fibrous Protein • (b). Elastic – ‘elastin’ protein; stretch and contract; found in skin, BVs, lung tissue • (c). Reticular – fine collagen bundles; thin; support spleen and lymph structures; forms part of basement membrane

  7. Classification of Connective Tissue • ConnectiveTissueProper • MainCellType: Fibroblasts • Characteristics • Examples – LooseCT • 1. Areolar CT • 2. Adipose • 3. Reticular CT • DenseCT • 1. Regular Dense CT • 2. Irregular Dense CT

  8. Dense CT • DenseCT • 1. Regular Dense CT • 2. Irregular Dense CT

  9. Classification of Connective Tissue 2. Cartilage • MainCellType: Chondrocytes • Characteristics • Examples: • 1. Hyaline • 2. Elastic • 3. Fibrocartilage

  10. Classification of Connective Tissue 3. OsseousTissue • MainCellType: Osteocytes • Characteristics • Example: • 1. Compact Bone • 2. Spongy Bone 4. Blood • Cells: Erythrocytes, Leukocytes; Platelets • Why is blood considered a connective tissue? • Plasma

  11. Specialized Tissue - Membranes • Parts of the body are covered by ‘membranes’ which are composed of several different types of tissue • Connective Tissue bound to Epithelial Tissue • Examples: • 1. Cutaneousmembranes • 2. Mucousmembranes • 3. Serousmembranes

  12. Specialized Tissue - Membranes • Cutaneous • Stratifiedsquamous (keratin) + DenseIrregularCT • “Dry Membrane” ; Skin • Mucous • Stratifiedsquamous/simplecolumnar + LooseCT • Moist; Lines body cavity; digestive and respiratory • Serous • Simplesquamous + areolarlooseCT • Referred to as ‘mesothelia’ • ‘closed’ ventral cavities • Serous fluid (anti-frictional) • Examples: Pleura, Pericardium, Peritoneum

  13. Injury and Repair of Tissue • Ability to Repair • 1. Epithelium, bone, CT proper, dense irregular, blood regenerateswell • 2. Smooth muscle and dense regular regenerate moderatelywell • 3. Skeletal muscle and cartilage repair but poorly • 4. Cardiac and nervous tissue (none) • Fibrous scar tissue • Dependson: • Supporting CT ability produce new cells • Functioning organ and tissue ability to produce new cells

  14. Tissue Repair • Begins with Inflammation • Capillaries dilate; tissue inflamed • Dying cells/tissue release chemicals • WBCs, macrophages, platelets enter • Granulation • New collagen develops; BVs branch to all parts of injured tissue • Connective tissue grows – ‘granulation tissue’ across the wound • SCAB and Tissue Regeneration • Fibrosis

More Related