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SENSATION

SENSATION. MODULE 9. SENSATION: PROCESS BY WHICH OUR SENSORY SYSTEMS (EYES, EARS AND OTHER SENSORY ORGANS) AND NERVOUS SYSTEM RECEIVE STIMULI FROM OUR ENVIRONMENT. “Bottom-up” processing . WHAT IS SENSATION?. Sensory Adaptation – diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation

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SENSATION

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  1. SENSATION MODULE 9

  2. SENSATION: PROCESS BY WHICH OUR SENSORY SYSTEMS (EYES, EARS AND OTHER SENSORY ORGANS) AND NERVOUS SYSTEM RECEIVE STIMULI FROM OUR ENVIRONMENT. • “Bottom-up” processing WHAT IS SENSATION?

  3. Sensory Adaptation – diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation • Farmers get “used” to the smell of pig pens. • After a time your body gets “used” to the cold water. • You get “used” to eating broccoli; reason why kids don’t like as many types of foods as adults. • You get “used” to hearing the busy street from your window. Sensory Adaptation

  4. Absolute Threshold – minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus • Ex. The dimmest visible star you can see or the amount of pepper in soup you need to actually taste the pepper • Difference Threshold – minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli • Ex. How much do you need to turn up the radio before you notice that it is louder? Sensory Thresholds

  5. Selective Attention – focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus to the exclusion of others. • Ex. Blocking out the talking of the student next to you so that you can complete your assignment. • Ex. Being so “caught up” in the TV show you are watching that you didn’t notice someone enter the room. • Ex. Busy texting while driving that you fail to notice the semi-truck headed right for your windshield. Selective Attention

  6. Two possible theories as to HOW we see: 1. Trichromatic Theory – cones in the eye are “tuned” to detect red, green or blue light. Various levels of stimuli in these cones enable us to see millions of different color combinations. 2. Opponent-process Theory – color is processed in opponent pairs (red-green, yellow-blue and black-white). Light that stimulates one half of the pair inhibits the other half. Theories of Vision

  7. Pitch – How HIGH or how LOW a sound is; measured in Hertz (Hz) • The woman had a high pitch voice. • Amplitude – How LOUD or how SOFT a sound is; measured in decibels (dB) • The boy yelled loudly at the dog to sit. The Nature of Sound

  8. Frequency Theory – humans cannot hear sound waves themselves, but rather hearing occurs through vibrations interpreted by the auditory nerve • Volley Theory – the auditory nerve incorporates the use of other nerves in order to process sounds above pitch • Place Theory – states that high pitch and low pitch sounds are processed in different areas of the cochlea. Theories of Sound

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