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Under Pressure

Under Pressure. NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic October 3, 2009 Dr. David G. Haase Professor of Physics NC State University david_haase@ncsu.edu. Overview. Event Description General event rules Overview of the subject matter Resources Examples of questions or activities

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Under Pressure

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  1. Under Pressure NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic October 3, 2009 Dr. David G. Haase Professor of Physics NC State University david_haase@ncsu.edu NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  2. Overview • Event Description • General event rules • Overview of the subject matter • Resources • Examples of questions or activities • Time for Questions NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  3. Event Description • Students will demonstrate their knowledge and skill related to the physics of fluids. • Experimental tasks and questions including calculations NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  4. Under Pressure • New event about the properties of liquids and gases • Not being used in Nationals • Replaces Physics Lab C • Division B (middle school) and Division C (high school) NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  5. General Event Rules • Teams of two • 50 minutes • Combination of questions and activities • May bring non-programmable calculator and one (1) 8.5 x 11 in page of notes front and back. • Students must bring and wear goggles during the event. • No other resource materials or electronic devices allowed • Where appropriate, materials data will be supplied, e.g. the density of a certain solid. • No caustic or flammable liquids will be used in this event • Disclaimer: In all disputes the rules published on the NCSO web page are the controlling authority. NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  6. Content Matter • Liquids and gases • Density = mass/volume • Floating and sinking NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  7. Content Matter • Pressure P = Force/area • Atmospheric pressure • Pressure as a function of depth in a liquid P = ρ g h • Barometer NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  8. Content Matter • Bernoulli’s Principle: P1 + (½)ρ v12+ ρ g h1 = P2 + (½)ρ v22+ ρ g h2 • Buoyancy • Buoyant Force Fbuoyant = ρVg • Archimedes principle NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  9. Content Matter • Pascal’s Principle • Hydraulic and pneumatic devices NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  10. Content Matter • Charles’s Law (law of volumes) • Boyle’s Law NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  11. Content Matter • Surface tension • Capillary action • Thermal expansion in liquids (Why do icebergs float?) • Viscosity and viscous forces NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  12. Resources • Physics: Principles and Problems http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078458137/ • Conceptual Physics by Paul Hewitthttp://www.conceptualphysics.com/ • MIT Open Courseware – Physics of Fluidshttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/hs/physics/g/index.htm • High School Physics Labhttp://hsphysicslab.blogspot.com/ • The comPADRE Digital Libraryhttp://www.compadre.org/ • Physical Sciences Resource Centerhttp://www.compadre.org/psrc/ NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  13. Fluid Activities • Measure the density and determine the composition of an unknown object using Archimedes method • Predict whether an object will sink or float • Measure the rate of air flow with a water manometer made with clear plastic tubing • Design and aluminum foil boat that can flow at a certain amount of mass • Calculate the amount of water displaced by a floating object NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  14. Fluid Activities • Straw and potato • Demonstrate how to blow out a candle with Bernoulli effect • Measure the relative densities of two liquids • Predict the water pressure needed to fill a tank NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  15. Fluid Activities • Estimate the weight of an automobile by measuring the tire tracks. • Lift an object by inflating a balloon • Measure or estimate the flow rate of liquid through a tube • Calculate the pressure on a submerged object • Measure the relative viscosity of two liquids • Measure the compression of a gas under changes in temperature or pressure NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  16. Fluid Activities • Design a hot air balloon to lift a certain weight • Design a device to measure changes in pressure • Observe a fluid phenomena and explain its physical basis • Build a paper airplane or parachute NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  17. Conclusion • Questions? • How can we help you prepare? • How are you going to coach your students for this event? • Session evaluation NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  18. Questions or Comments? NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

  19. NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009

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