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Factors and Motives Behind European Exploration in the 1400s and the Treaty of Tordesillas

This overview explores the key factors that prompted European exploration in the 1400s, focusing on Spain's emergence as a leading power. The rationale includes the spread of Christianity, the expansion of empires, and the pursuit of gold—all integral to the motivations known as the 3 G's (God, Glory, Gold). The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 significantly influenced this exploration, dividing the New World between Spain and Portugal. Key explorers like Amerigo Vespucci, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, and Ferdinand Magellan are highlighted for their remarkable contributions to this era of discovery.

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Factors and Motives Behind European Exploration in the 1400s and the Treaty of Tordesillas

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Essential Question • What factors/motives caused Europeans to begin exploring during the 1400’s?

  2. Dividing & Exploring the New World Chapter 2 Section 1 (Pt II)

  3. Objective #1 • Explain how Spain gained the advantage in exploration of the Americas.

  4. Treaty of Tordesillas • In 1494, the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed • The treaty divided the “New World” into Portuguese & Spanish territory • The Treaty, however, gave the Spanish a huge advantage in terms of future exploration • Portugal was given control of only modern-day Brazil • Spain received EVERYTHING ELSE!!!

  5. Objective #2 • Identify the 3 main goals of European exploration of America (aka The 3 G’s).

  6. Goals of Exploration • Europeans had 3 main goals in the New World • Spread Christianity (God) - Many expeditions included missionaries, or people sent to convert natives to Christianity • Empire Expansion (Glory) - Gain prestige by conquering/subduing previously foreign territory • Gold - Increasing wealth through conquest & trade • An economic system known as mercantilism was also quickly established as Europeans began to colonize • This system is based on a colony sending its natural resources, goods, and crops to the home country • The colony would also serve as a new economic market for the home country

  7. Europeans Explore New Lands • After Columbus’ successful voyage, many other Europeans went to sea • Amerigo Vespucci set out in 1501 seeking an all-water route to Asia • When he ran into the N. American coast, though, he realized he was not in Asia • He made detailed maps and wrote down vivid descriptions of the land he saw • A German mapmaker was so impressed w/ Vespucci’s work, he nicknamed the new continent “America” after him Pickle Merchant!!

  8. Balboa • Vasco Nunez de Balboa, in 1513, investigated a Native legend of a 2nd sea for Spain • Balboa and his crew landed in Panama, hacked their way through the jungle, and reached the Pacific Ocean • He claimed the ocean and all the land around it for Spain That Idiot is claiming the whole Ocean!

  9. Magellan • Ferdinand Magellan proposed reaching Asia by sailing around S. America • Spain agreed to fund the voyage, and he left in 1519 with 5 ships and 270 men • After several months of hardship, Magellan and his crew had crossed the Atlantic and Pacific and landed in the Philippines • While there, Magellan became involved in a battle w/ the locals and was killed • Some of the crew escaped, and eventually one ship and 18 crew members returned to Spain • They were the first men to sail completely around the world

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