ABC Book of History

ABC Bookof History Wanita Bailey 5th period 5--11

A Abolitionist- a person who strongly favors the doing the away with slavery. Adams, Samuel- stated the Sons of Liberty & the Boston Tea Party. Abstain- to not take part in some activity such as voting.

B Blockade- cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out; to close off a countries ports. Boycott- to refuse to buy items from a particular country. Beecher, Catherine- thought that women should be educated for traditional roles in life & est. Milwaukee College for women

C Civil War- conflict between opposing groups of citizens in the same country. Cotton Gin- made by Eli Whitney –a machine that removed seeds from cotton fiber, and revolutionized the South’s need for slavery by doing the work of 50 in 1. Clay , Henry- a man greatly know as a compromiser (famous for the Missouri Compromise)

D Depression- a period of low economic activity & wide spread of unemployment. Drought- long period with out water. Dred Scott vs. Sanford- supreme court case over the matter if a slaves freedom when their owner took them to a free state decision= slaves are property

E Emancipate- freeing of slaves. Emigrant- a person who leave a country or region to live elsewhere. English Bill of Rights- a list of rights for England's’ people.

F Federalist- supporter of the Constitution with out a Bill of Rights. Fugitive- runaway or trying to runaway. Franklin, Benjamin- helped write the Declaration of Independence & was in the Revolutionary War.

G Guerrilla War- a hit-and run technique used in fighting a war, fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes. Guerrilla Tactics- referring to surprising attacks rather than organized warfare. Emancipate- 18th president 1869-1877, became president not long after Civil War. In which he made the Confederacy surrender at Appomattox Court House

H Human Rights- rights regarded as belonging to all persons, such as freedom from unlawful imprisonment, torture, and execution. Holocaust- the name given to the massive slaughter of Jews and other groups by Nazis during World War II. Hamilton, Alexander- supporter of the Constitution 1st Secretary of State

I Impressment- forcing people onto service, as in the navy. Integrate- to end separation different races and bring in to equal membership in society. Industrial Revolution- the change from an agrarian society to one based on industry which began in Great Britain and spread to America around the 1800s

J Jones, John Paul- naval officer- during the Revolutionary War that made the British ship the Serapis surrender. Judicial Review- the right of the Supreme Court if a law violates the Constitution. Joint Occupation- the possession and setting of an area shared by to or more countries.

K Key, Francis Scott- On Sept.13-14, 1814 he witnessed bombardment at Fort McHenry in the harbor and it inspired him to write the “Star Spangled Banner.” In 1931 Congress designated it as the National Anthem. Kansas- nicked named “Bleeding Kansas” because of the events in 1856 when we went through a mini civil war that lasted for months.

L Loyalist- American colonist who remained loyal to Britain & opposed the war for independence Laissez-Faire- policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the national economy. Lincoln, Abraham- 16th president during bloodiest war (Civil War) and issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

M Mayflower Compact- a formal document, written in 1620 that provided law & order to the Plymouth colony. Manifest Destiny- the idea popular in the U.S. during the 1800s that the country must expand its boundaries to the Pacific. Monroe, James- 5th president who wrote the Monroe Doctrine that stated you don’t bother us, and we wont bother you. Directed to Brit.

N Nullify- to cancel or make ineffective. Neutral- taking no sides in the conflict. Napoleon- sold U.S. the Louisiana Territory. (which doubled the size of America)

O Olive Branch Petition- sent to the king to express the colonist desire for peace. ( with out reading the king responded by sending troops) Override- to over turn or defeat, as a bill proposed by Congress. Offensive- position of attacking or the attack itself.

P Privateer- armed private ship. Precedent- a tradition. Pony Express- a trail of delivering mail, on horseback.

Q Quartering Troops- in the III amendment it states that no soldier shall be house in any house with out the owners consent. Quebec, Battle of- a place thought to be impossible to attack until a British scot in Sept 1753 spotted a poorly guarded path. During the night they slipped up the path and attacked.win=Britain (French and Indian War) Quakers- protestant group of dissenters also known as “Society of Friends”

R Revere, Paul- man who drew the “Boston Massacre” renaming it the “Bloody Massacre” which spread around the 13 colonies-also known as one of the men that rode in horseback shouting “The Regulars are coming, the Regulars are coming. Revenue- incoming money. Repeal- to cancel an act or law.

S Secede- to leave or withdraw. Stowe, Harriet Beecher- wrote best selling book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”… over slavery. Smuggling- trading illegally with other nations

T Tariff- a tax on imports or exports. Thoreau, Henry- went to jail standing up for his beliefs, refused to pay a dollar to vote, not wanting o pay for Mexican War. Temperance- the use of little to no alcoholic drink.

U Uncle Tom’s Cabin- book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe- over slavery and how slaves were treated. Utopia- community based on a vision of a perfect society by reformers. Underground Railroad- a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North.

V Vigilantes- people who take the law into their own hands. Vicksburg, Battle of- a Union win the Civil War-gave the Union the Mississippi River. Veto- to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law.

W War Hawks- Republicans during Madison's presidency who pressed for war with Britain. Writ of assistance- legal document that enabled officers to search homes & war houses for goods that might be smuggled. Washington, George- 1st president made Britain surrender at the Battle of Yorktown; winning the Revolutionary War which gave us our independence from Britain.

X XYZ Affair- referring to 3 French agents-when Adams sent over Americans to solve a dispute, the minister refused to meet them and wanted a bribe & loan. In response Adams urge Congress to prepare for war.

Y Yellow journalism- a type of sensational, biased, and often false reporting. Yankee- Union soldier. Yorktown, Virginia- were British surrendered to 13 colonies. Battle which war ended.

Z Zuni, the- people from the South that took part in sophisticated trade that extended from the Southwest to Mexico. Zinger, John Peter- charge of libel for printing a true critical report about the royal government of New York. Found not guilty by jury-Freedom of Press.

ABC Book of History