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Aircraft Maintenance and Inspections

The maintenance and inspection of aircraft under Part 91 place the responsibility of airworthiness on owner/operators, requiring periodic maintenance that is less extensive than that of Part 135 revenue operations. Recent findings reveal deficiencies in compliance, such as overdue inspections and incomplete records, which can lead to accidents. Additionally, engine overhauls are crucial, especially in operations like parachute jumping, where high cycle rates can lead to wear. Addressing these safety issues through enhanced oversight and pilot training can significantly reduce preventable accidents.

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Aircraft Maintenance and Inspections

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  1. Aircraft Maintenance and Inspections

  2. Maintenance Quality Assurance • Part 91: Owner/operator responsible for aircraft airworthiness • Required maintenance, inspections • Not as extensive as requirements for other revenue operations • Part 135 requires FAA-approved procedures for ensuring each aircraft is airworthy

  3. Maintenance Quality Assurance • 8 accident airplanes not airworthy • Marine City: No compliance with 5 ADs • West Point: Incomplete records, unapproved door removal, altered FMS • Others: Overdue inspections, inoperative components • In some cases, discrepancies related to cause of accident

  4. Engine Overhauls • Parachute jump operations conducive to engine wear • High ratio of cycles to flight hours • Sustained climb power, then reduction • May require more frequent overhauls • Engine manufacturers establish recommended TBO • TBO not mandatory for Part 91

  5. Engine Overhauls • Four accident airplanes’ engines exceeded TBO, two lost power • Sullivan: right engine had nearly doublethe recommended hours • East Moriches: engine not overhauled in previous 12 years • Internal components fractured • Possibly could have been detected and corrected by overhaul within TBO

  6. Overview: Safety Issues • Aircraft Maintenance • Pilot training and proficiency • FAA Oversight and Direct Surveillance • Most of the accidents easily preventable

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