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Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Background. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between Israel & Arab Palestinians What is at the heart of the conflict? Land, i.e. – Jerusalem!!!. Background. Background: Romans kicked Jews out of Palestine in 70 A.D .

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Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

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  1. Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

  2. Background • The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between Israel & Arab Palestinians • What is at the heart of the conflict? • Land, i.e. – Jerusalem!!!

  3. Background • Background: Romans kicked Jews out of Palestine in 70 A.D. • Jews spread throughout the world – called the Great Diaspora • Zionism: movement for the return of the Jewish people to their homeland • Resulted from: anti-Semitic movement in Eastern Europe and Russia(1800s)

  4. Conflict Over Palestine • Britain controlled land after WWI • Many wanted to move to Palestine because of Zionism; asked for British support • Balfour Declaration (1917) – officially gave the Jews British support for the creation of a state of Israel • Zionist groups gave Jews money to buy land in Palestine; violence breaks out, esp. against Britain

  5. Haganah, Irgun, and Lehi1921

  6. Founding of Israel • Post WW2: Jewish refugees go to Palestine, violence continues, GB turns it over to UN • 1947: UN divides Palestine btw Jews & Arabs (2 Separate States)

  7. The Refugees 700,000 Palestinians800,000 Jews

  8. Founding of Israel • May 1948: Jews declare Israel’s creation • Some Arab countries refused to recognize Israel as a state b/c it symbolized western domination

  9. 1948 Arab-Israeli War • Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and Lebanon sent troops to help the Arabs fight; Israel won and took ½ the Arabs’ land in Palestine • Palestinian refugee camps were set up in nearby Arab countries; many refuse to move out and give up land

  10. Palestinian Liberation Organization • Founded in 1964 to form a Palestinian state • Yasser Arafat was chairman of the PLO from 1969-2004 with his death

  11. PLO • Want to destroy Israel, use terrorist actions (bombings, airplane hijackings, kidnappings) against Israel and supporters (U.S.) • January 1965: PLO launched guerilla attacks against Israel, Israel attacks Syria & Jordan

  12. Six Day War (1967) • Egypt signed an alliance with Syria, Jordan and Iraq; moved troops into the Sinai Peninsula • Israel sees this as a threat and strikes back • How long did the war last??? • 6 Days

  13. Aftermath • Israel takes: Sinai Pen. and Gaza Strip from Egypt, Golan Heights from Syria, West Bank from Jordan, East Jerusalem from the Arabs • Builds settlements on land taken following the war; violation of international law

  14. The First Intifada1987-1993

  15. Intifada – “the Shaking” • Refers to Resisting oppression • Palestinians attacked Israeli soldiers and citizens with ROCKS • the government imprisoned and deported many, destroyed homes of rebels, closed Arab schools • Israel criticized for violating rights

  16. Attempts at Peace • Camp David Accords: Sept. 18, 1978: U.S. President Jimmy Carter hosts Egyptian president Anwar al-Sadat and Israeli prime-minister Menachem Begin at Camp David • Peace treaty signed March 26, 1979 giving Egypt the Sinai Pen. and Palestinians self rule in occupied land

  17. Attempts at Peace • Oslo Accords (1993): • Israel and the PLO would recognize one another • PLO would stop attacks • Israel would withdraw its forces from parts of the occupied territories • limited Palestinian self-rule in Gaza and Jericho, plan to phase in more self-rule

  18. The Second Intifada2000

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