Download
1 / 8
80 likes | 204 Vues
Newton’s Laws By: Frank Britton. Introduction. Isaac Newton was born on 4, January, 1643 in Lincolnshire, England He lived to the age of 84 He died on 31, march, 1727 Some of his greatest work such as the Binomial Theorem ended up being the basis of calculus
E N D
Introduction • Isaac Newton was born on 4, January, 1643 in Lincolnshire, England • He lived to the age of 84 • He died on 31, march, 1727 • Some of his greatest work such as the Binomial Theorem ended up being the basis of calculus • He worked with prisms to find the entire spectrum of light in white light.
Galileo • Was a astronomer and built an advanced telescope for the time. • He had a big part to play with Isaac Newton’s interest with the composition of white light.
Newton’s laws of motion • I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. If there is no friction on an object, it will stay in motion until something stops it by force. • II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector. Force is equal to the mass times the acceleration of an object. • III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Every action has a consequence.
The three Laws • Space debris follows Newton’s fist law because there is no fiction to slow the object another force acts upon it. • This picture of a dog pulling the sled shows the forces acting on the object while in motion when being pulled. • The balloon shows how when the balloon is propelled up the same amount of force is on the balloon is pushing it in the opposite direction.
Activity #1 • Newton's First Law of Motion, Part 1Checker Challenge Objective: To demonstrate the first part of Newton's first law of motion. To make observations and record data • Context: Small cooperative groups • Materials: 5 checkers, 1 ruler, lab sheet • Procedure: • 1. Stack the checkers to make a tower. 2. Predict what will happen to the checkers when you hit only the bottom checker with a ruler. Record your prediction on the lab sheet. • 3. Lay the ruler flat on the table. Swing the ruler sideways quickly so that you only hit the bottom checker. Record your results on the lab sheet. • 4. Stack the checkers again. Try removing the checkers one by one without knocking over the tower. • Results: As the ruler hits the bottom checker, the checker should slide out of the way without knocking over the rest of the tower. The remaining checkers are not acted upon by the force of the ruler, so they remain at rest.
Activity #2 • Drop a piece of paper and a book and see which one hits the ground first.
Activity #3 • Objectives • Students will • identify action-reaction force pairs; • understand applications of Newton's Third Law of Motion. • Motivation for Learning • Discrepant Event - Soda Bottle Rocket • Materials 2-liter plastic soda bottle, empty • Cork to fit bottle • 200 ml vinegar • 3 tablespoons baking soda • 3 sheets aluminum foil, each 3 cm x 10 cm • Safety goggles • Procedure • *Take care that the bottle opening does not face in the direction of any people or breakable objects during this demonstration. Wear goggles throughout* • Pour 200 ml vinegar into the plastic soda bottle. Place a cork in the mouth of the container. • Make a v-shaped envelope out of the sheets of foil, folding one sheet over the top of the other to make the envelope thicker. This envelope should be small enough to fit through the mouth of the bottle. • Fill the envelope with 3 tablespoons of baking soda. • Remove the cork from the soda bottle, taking care not to spill the vinegar. Insert the aluminum envelope through the mouth of the bottle, being careful not to mix the vinegar and baking soda. • Quickly reseal the bottle. • Standing to the side, rapidly rotate the bottle so that the baking soda mixes with the vinegar. Stand back and observe. • The cork should shoot from the mouth of the bottle forward, in turn propelling the bottle backwards. The action is the cork, the reaction is the bottle movement.
