Prospective Tools Expert Panel

1. Prospective Tools Expert Panel Port of Spain, 6 May, 2014

3. Basic concepts • According to the Prospective and Projection Model: • Explicit knowledge has been defined by Nonaka & Takeuchi (1997) to be ‘knowledge transmitted by formal and systematic means, easily codified through formulas, symbols, standards and specifications. It is easily disseminated by current communication systems’. • The concept of skills is related to the way tasks are executed, to the application of knowledge and to a form of acting and thinking (Lazzarotto, 2001). • The concept of attitudes is related to the previous and established positioning of an individual, in his or her behavioural form of acting and reacting to a product, organization, person, event or situation. They are not usually modified as time goes by.

4. XExpert Panel A Panel is a type of interview which is done simultaneously to several people who are encouraged to express their opinions about a specific subject. Although it takes place as an informal conversation where all interviewees take part in it, it must be conducted in a logical and consistent way. To obtain the expected results, the researcher must prepare a work plan so that all interviewees express their points of view over the same subjects. Questions can be repeated but formulated in a different way so that they can be confirmed.

5. X Expert Panel Expert panels are implemented through structured meetings that seek interaction among experts in order to reach a certain degree of consensus. They are structured upon the application of pre-designed questionnaires or questions and the establishment of specific work rules. They are an interesting way of eliciting the views of experts and they are increasingly being used in prospection at a national level. Expert panels must research and study specific subjects and submit their conclusions and recommendations. They must have the same integrity and behaviour of other scientific studies and must attempt to reach a consensus, but without eliminating all disagreements.

6. Expert Panel – concepts No matter the subject, Expert Panels are always organised according to the following two principles: • All interlocutors should be allowed a great freedom of expression (time to reflect individually and in silence, to put down all the ideas in writing, etc.); • The intellectual production of participants should be channelled andcapitalised (mainly through strict time management and, above all, by systematically resorting to techniques such as classification of ideas, ranking, etc.) During the conclusion sessions, which are organised at the end of these seminars, different groups share and compare their views.

7. Expert Panel – concepts Panels are an example of training-action since they offer participants all the essential conditions to be able to actively take part in prospective reflection. The modular nature of these seminars (option of working half day) as well as their practical characteristics (some sheets of paper and “post-it”, and computers are the only necessary resources to complete the information) make it possible to adapt them to different circumstances. Panels are an important stage, and even vital, for any reflection upon a specificsubject in its current and future context. They are easily implemented and conducted. They should serve as springboards towards a process of reflection and control of changes.

8. Expert Panel – Strengths and weaknesses It allows for a great interaction among participants and ensures a more balanced representativeness among all the interested parties: enterprises, academies, the third sector and the government. It enables the identification of many incorporated underlying views which are made explicit by experts. It encourages the institution to set up spaces for discussions over future behaviours. It involves those who really know about the area/sector/subject that is being prospected. It establishes a relationship of proximity between the institution and its technicians with external experts.

9. Expert Panel – Strengths and weaknesses It fosters the creation of a network of experts who may support the institution in a more continuous way. It is sometimes difficult to identify experts Very often, their views are wrong or preconceived. Views are sometimes ambiguous, or experts of the same subject disagree.

10. Expert Panel – Examples Expert panel in the analytical appraisal process of hypermedia systems This procedure is part of the “Analytical Appraisal Model” of computer-based educational materials. It was applied to the hypermedia system on Food Conservation, intended for Nutrition graduate students. Five experts – two on educational technology and three on nutrition – interacted with the system, individually, by answering a semi-open questionnaire, and through a discussion panel, which was registered on an audio system. Both instruments were combined to be analysed and the obtained results proved the legitimacy of the material. Besides, the model was extremely effective for the analysis of computer-based educational materials.

11. Expert Panel – Examples UN Expert Panel devises a project with sustainable goals (news clipping) This week a group of experts from different parts of the world and led by U.S. economist Jeffrey Sachs launched the first project with 10 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To guide economic, social and environmental policy-making as from 2015. The text is the result of a discussion group and an analysis of the decisions adopted at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20.

12. Expert panel to discuss changes in occupational profiles (SENAI) Subjects addressed Technological and organizational dissemination trends. Already implemented activities that will become more important to the performance of the occupation. Already implemented activities intended to keep the importanceof the performance of the occupation. Already implemented activities intended to undermine the importance of the performance of the occupation. New activities that will be integrated to the work on such occupation.

13. Expert panel to discuss changes inoccupational profiles(SENAI) Subjects addressed Already existing knowledge intended to gain importance for the performance of the occupation. Already existing knowledge intended to keep the importance of the performance of the occupation. Already existing knowledge intended to undermine the importance of the performance of the occupation. New knowledge that will be incorporated to training activities of such occupation. Emergence of new professionals in the industrial sector that is being studied.

14. Expert panel – Basic structure

15. Criterion Professional experience Independence Skills to work in groups Expert panel – Expert profile

16. Expert panel – Experts’ profile Experts They must at least be graduates (at tertiary level) in the sector or area that is to be prospected. They must be recognized for their extensive knowledge on the sector or segment within the State or Province. They must be familiarized with the technological state of the sector as well as with technologies with a potential of great dissemination within the Brazilian market. They must be acquainted with the organizational structure of the sector as well as with the main organizational trends of the productive chain of the sector or segment within Brazil. They must have research and analysis skills. They must have some of the following attitudes: being proactive, able to work and discuss in teams, and having flexibility of thought to accept opposing views.

17. References STRUCHINER, M. RICCIARDI, R. M. V., VETROMILLE, V. P. – O painel de especialistas no processo de apreciação analítica de sistemas hipermídia para o ensino de graduação. IV RIBIE Congress, Brasilia. 1998. CGEE – Glossary. www.cgee.org.br/prospecao.

18. Thank you very much! Marcello Pio – UNIEPRO Marcello.pio@dn.senai.br +55 61 3317-9878