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Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups

Thurgood Marshall, the first black Supreme Court Justice. What case did he argue that we talked about in Ch 29 Sec 3?. Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups. Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups. Sit-Ins. What were they protesting Who led the protests Result. Freedom Riders. 1960 Supreme Court Ruling

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Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups

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  1. Thurgood Marshall, the first black Supreme Court Justice. What case did he argue that we talked about in Ch 29 Sec 3?

  2. Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups

  3. Nonviolent Civil Rights Groups

  4. Sit-Ins • What were they protesting • Who led the protests • Result

  5. Freedom Riders • 1960 Supreme Court Ruling • What group led the protests • Southern Response • Outcome

  6. Freedom Rides • Supreme Court rules that interstate travel vehicles such as busses can’t be segregated. • CORE organizes integrated rides through the South to expose violations. • When busses reach Alabama violence erupts. Busses bombed and people beat. • Riders were arrested • Kennedy sends in federal marshalls to protect future rides…segregation on busses ends

  7. Rides to expose violations of the supreme court ruling that said segregation on busses and in terminals was illegal.

  8. Permanent brain damage • Congressman John Lewis was a freedom rider

  9. Integrating Colleges • Brown v. Board • What college • Who? • Public reaction to an African American on campus: - 375 & 2 • Meredith finally admitted

  10. University of Mississippi • Brown vs. Board integrated public schools but not colleges. • NAACP gets court order requiring the university to admit James Meredith 1962 • When Meredith arrives Miss Governor Ross Barnett blocks his entrance. • Riots break out, 2 killed and 375 injured. • Kennedy sends in armed troops and Meredith is admitted and graduates.

  11. +

  12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mn4M8wmoPto

  13. In 1966, during a voter registration march Meredith was shot in the back and leg…he survived.

  14. What is needed for nonviolent protests to be successful? Birmingham Protests Albany Protests

  15. What is needed for nonviolent protests to be successful?

  16. Probably the most famous picture from Birmingham

  17. "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere" "justice too long delayed is justice denied." From prison King wrote his famous “Letter from Birmingham Jail” defending peaceful protests and demonstrations to advance the Civil Rights Movement.

  18. The effect of Birmingham • Kennedy asks Congress to enact legislation outlawing segregation in public facilities. • The SCLC organizes a march to D.C. to draw attention to Kennedy’s request. • King gives the “I Have a Dream” speech. • Summarize this speech in 35 words or less.

  19. I HAVE A DREAM • MLK’s speech speaking of his vision of that the U.S. could and should be • Things to notice • He references the Gettysburg Address and speaks about the Emancipation Proclamation. • He references the song “My country tis of thee” • He references the Declaration of Independence by saying “all men are created equal” and that they are given “certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. • He references the Bible through many quotes • “Free At Last” “Let Freedom Ring” • http://www.windmillworks.com/gamesonline/clozegames/dream.htm Interactive site

  20. Why do you think they chose the Lincoln Memorial for the site of their march?

  21. Why do you think the FBI went to such great lengths to stop the march? • FBI director J. Edgar Hoover repeatedly tried to scuttle the march. In the months leading up to it he intensified his already passionate campaign to defame Martin Luther King, Jr. Hoover tried to persuade the Kennedys that King was being influenced by Communists, and his specious denunciations of some King associates were taken much more seriously by the Kennedys than was warranted. As a result, they strong-armed King into cutting off some of his closest friends and advisers on the grounds that they might be enemy agents. Hoover's baseless suspicions about King, his virulent attacks on him, and his repeated attempts to destroy his reputation with the Kennedys were spurred by racist delusions and other pathological animosities. Hoover tried, unsuccessfully, to exploit wiretap information about King's sexual indiscretions and about Rustin's homosexual liaisons. On the very morning of the march, Hoover assigned several agents to telephone celebrity participants in a futile last-ditch attempt to get them to withdraw their support. His attacks on King are some of the darkest examples of official paranoia and character assassination in America.

  22. After the march leaders met with J.F.K. and discussed what would be necessary to get the Kennedy Civil Rights Bill passed through Congress…Kennedy was dead within 3 months of this picture.

  23. Martin Luther King Memorial in D.C. scheduled for completion in 2008

  24. Kennedy starts the ball rolling but LBJ signs it It banned all discrimination in public facilities and in employment practices. It also removed SOME voting registration restrictions. Civil Rights Act of 1964

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