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Ocean currents:

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mara-peters
20 diapositives · 482 Views · Nov 02, 2014

Ocean currents:. Continuous and directed movement of ocean water. Current:. Surface Currents Deep Water Currents. Two Types:. 10% of water in ocean The upper 400m of the ocean. Surface Currents:. 90% of water in ocean Waters move around the ocean basins by density differences

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Ocean currents:
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  1. Ocean currents:

  2. Continuous and directed movement of ocean water Current:

  3. Surface Currents Deep Water Currents Two Types:

  4. 10% of water in ocean The upper 400m of the ocean Surface Currents:

  5. 90% of water in ocean Waters move around the ocean basins by density differences Density differences a function of different temperatures and salinity Deep water currents:

  6. Primary Forces: Start the water moving: • Solar Heating • Winds • Gravity • Coriolis Effect • Secondary Forces: Influence where the current goes Two Types of Forces:

  7. Causes water to expand Water is about 8 cm higher than middle latitudes, thus water wants to flow down slope Solar Heating:

  8. Winds blowing on surface of the ocean push the water Water piles up in the direction the wind is blowing Winds:

  9. Will pull water “down the hill” when water mounds up Gravity

  10. An inertial effect due to the spinning of the earth Coriolis Effect: When going towards pole you are coming from an area that is moving faster, thus the deflection with the direction of the Earth’s rotation When going to the equator, the deflection goes against the spin of the Earth, due to the spin of the Earth

  11. The effect of winds and Coriolis effect results in circular flows of water made of several currents Gyres:

  12. Surface water is blown away by winds, dragging the water beneath it The deflection due to Coriolis Effect creates a spiral pattern and a net current to the right or left of wind Results in upwelling Ekman Transport:

  13. Nutrient rich water from the deeper parts of the ocean rises to the surface to replace the water blown away Animation: Upwelling:

  14. Occur where the temperature is cold and relatively high in salinity Thermohaline Circulation Thermo = heat, haline = salt Deep Water circulation:

  15. Salt rich, warm water is blown north by the Gulf Stream, where is cools and sinks This provides heat to the polar regions and nutrients everywhere Possibly disrupted by global warming Earth Conveyor Belt

  16. formed by a combination of tides, winds, waves, and rivers/streams Longshore currents and rip currents Local Currents:

  17. When waves strike the shoreline at an oblique angle, causing resultant waves to move parallel with the shoreline Longshore currents:

  18. Formed when waves push the water in front of it sideways till it can find a path out to sea Rip Currents: