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Understanding the Moon: Characteristics, Phases, and Eclipses

This class notes document provides students with a comprehensive overview of the Moon's key characteristics, including its size, mass, and distance from Earth. Students will learn about the Moon's orbit and rotation, which are synchronized, resulting in the same side always facing Earth. Key objectives include illustrating the Moon's phases and understanding the mechanics behind lunar and solar eclipses. Students will explore relevant vocabulary and discover why eclipses do not occur every month. Homework involves researching upcoming eclipses.

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Understanding the Moon: Characteristics, Phases, and Eclipses

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  1. Earth-Moon System Class Notes 2013

  2. Students will be able to describe the major characteristics of the Moon. • I. Major Characteristics of the Moon • ¼ of the Earth’s Diameter (~7,500 miles * .27 = 2025 mi.) • 1% of the Mass of Earth • 1/6 the Gravity of the Earth • 240,000 miles away from Earth (~380,000 km.) • It takes the Moon about 27.3 days to Revolve (orbit the Earth) • It takes the Moon the same amount of time to Rotate one-time; due to the fact that the Near Side of the Moon always faces Earth.

  3. Objective: Students will be able to draw and label a diagram illustrating the phases of the Moon • Phase – The appearance of the moon based on the amount of light visible from Earth.

  4. Objective: Students will be able to explain why lunar and solar eclipses occur and in which phase the moon is in during each. • Vocabulary: • Eclipse • Umbra • Penumbra

  5. Lunar Eclipse

  6. Solar Eclipse

  7. Objective: Students will be able to describe why a Solar and Lunar eclipse do not happen every month.

  8. Earth and Moon Orbital Planes

  9. Homework: Using the Eclipse Link at the NASA website, research when the next Solar or Lunar Eclipse will occur in North America.http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse.html

  10. Useful Websites: • http://astronomyonline.org/SolarSystem/LunarEclipse.asp • http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse.html Eclipses Website!

  11. Apogee and Perigee

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