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Posterior Aspect of the Leg Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu

Posterior Aspect of the Leg Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu. Cutaneous Nerves. Saphenous n . (from femoral n . ) Posterior femoral cutaneous n . (from sacral plexus) Lateral cutaneous n . of leg (from common fibular (peroneal) n . )

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Posterior Aspect of the Leg Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu

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  1. Posterior Aspect of the LegProf. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu .

  2. Cutaneous Nerves • Saphenous n. (from femoral n.) • Posterior femoral cutaneous n.(from sacral plexus) • Lateral cutaneous n. of leg (from common fibular (peroneal) n.) • Sural n.(from tibial n & common fibular (peroneal) n.)

  3. Superficial veins • Smallsaphenousvein • piercestheroof of thepopliteal fossa anddrainsintothepoplitealvein

  4. Deep fascia of leg(Fascia cruris) • interosseous membrane and the “crural intermuscular septa” divide the leg into 3 crural compartments: 1-Anterior comp. 2-Lateral comp. 3-Posterior comp.: contains 2 group of muscles: • superficial • deep

  5. A L P

  6. Flexor Retinaculum • broad band of deep fascia which passes -from medial malleolus -to calcaneus

  7. Muscles Superficial layer • Gastrocnemius m. • Soleus m. • Plantaris m. Deep layer • Popliteus m. • Flexor digitorum longus m. • Flexor hallucis longus m. • Tibialis posterior m. insert to calcaneus with a common tendon “tendo calcaneus” (achille’s tendon) pass deep to the “flexor retinaculum”

  8. SUPERFICIAL LAYERGastrocnemius m. • Mostsuperficial of themuscles in theposteriorcruralcompartment • O: 2 heads,lat& med condyles of femur, theycometogether at theinferiormargin of thepopliteal fossa • I: Calcaneous, via “tendocalcaneus” (aschillestendon) • N: Tibial n. • F: Flexion (plantarflexion) of foot & leg

  9. Soleus m. -Located deep to gastrocnemius • O: Soleal line, upper part of fibula • I: calcaneus via “tendo calcaneus” • N: Tibial nerve • F: Flexion of foot Gastrocnemius+soleus mm: Triceps surae m.

  10. Plantaris m. ---Small muscle; variable in size and extend, it may be absent. • O: Lat supracondylar area of the femur • I: Medial part of tendo calcaneus • N: Tibial n. • F: assistsflexion of leg, plantar flexion of the foot

  11. DEEP LAYER:Popliteus m. ---Thin, triangular muscle • O: Lat condyle of femur & arcuate popliteal lig. • I: Post surface of tibia • N: Tibial nerve • F: Flexion & medial rotation of leg

  12. Flexor digitorumlongusm. • O: Post surface of tibia below soleal line • I:Bases of distal phalanges of 2-5 • N.:Tibial nerve • F: Flexion of toes 2-5 & foot, inversion of foot, helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch of foot

  13. Flexor hallucislongus m. --Thelong, powerfulandlargestmuscle of deeplayer • O: Lower part of post surface of fibula, interosseosmemb. • I: Base of distal phalanx of hallux (bigtoe of foot) • N.: Tibialnerve • F: Flexion of hallux & foot, alsoimportant in holding theleg in the normal position of foot.

  14. Tibialisposterior m. • Thedeepest m in theposteriorcruralcompartment • O: Lateral part of post surface of tibia below soleal line, post surface of fibula, interosseous membrane • I: Sustentaculumtali, tuberosity of navicular b, talus, cuneiform bb, cuboid b, 2-4metatarsal bb • N.: Tibial n. • F: Plantar flexes andinverts foot cross

  15. Posterior tibial artery • it begins at thedistalborder of thepopliteusmuscle • it is larger terminal branch of thepoplitealartery • it is accompaniedbythetibialnerve • Branches: • Fibular ( peroneal) a • Circumflex fibular a • Medial malleolar a • Calcanealbrs • Nutrient a of tibia • Lat & med plantar aa

  16. Fibular (peroneal) artery • Muscular branches • Nutrient a. to fibula • Perforating br. • Communicating br. • Lateral malleolar brr. • Calcaneal brr.

  17. Tuberosity of tibia

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