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INCOSE 2002

This presentation discusses the architecture and technology enhancements necessary for modern ground-based weapon systems, focusing on the Crusader system. Key issues include the growing reliance on electronics and software, the complexity of operations, and objectives for a robust software architecture. We explore modularization, real-time processing, COTS, and open standards. Furthermore, we address challenges such as obsolescence and interoperability, while emphasizing the importance of adaptability and rapid technological upgrades to maintain operational effectiveness in a changing environment.

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INCOSE 2002

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  1. INCOSE 2002 July 31, 2002 Yves Lacerte Architecture Technology Corporation Eden Prairie, MN

  2. Agenda • Thesis • Crusader system overview • Software architecture objectives • Technology upgrade • Concluding remarks and questions

  3. Thesis • Modern ground based weapon systems • Depend more and more on electronics and software • Complex, correct and safe operations • Merge multiple domains • Automobiles, avionics, and industrial controls • Require software architecture that • Is highly adaptable • Obsolescence, technical refresh • Provides a firm technical foundation for evolutionary growth • Support a family of ground based weapon systems

  4. Crusader System

  5. Digital Battlefield

  6. “Cockpit” Software

  7. Ammunition Handling

  8. Challenges • Complex requirements • Diverse teams at multiple locations • Infusion of multiple technologies • Interoperability with other systems • Resilience to change • Support for meeting hard real-time requirements • Fault tolerance

  9. Software Architecture Objectives • Modularization • Distributed environment • Separation of concerns • COTS and open standards • Model based

  10. Modularization • Components and patterns • Proven solutions • System composition • Gluing things together • Component certification • More complex • Obsolescence • Maintain knowledge of the architecture and software components impacted by hardware and vice versa

  11. Distributed Environment

  12. Separation of Concerns • Real-time constraints • Hard real-time task MUST meet its computing deadline • Soft real-time task is a task whose utility is reduced if its deadline is missed • Other constraints • Safety-critical and security issues • Process allocation • Processes and processors dedicated to perform hard-real time processing • Separate processes to manage external communications

  13. COTS & Open Standards • Open architecture • Conforms to a set of well-known standards such as those found in JTA-Army • Resilience to change • Promotes reusability • Real-time common operating environment • Middleware not unlike DIICOE

  14. Model Based • Automatic code generation through a visual model • Code consistency and quality • Applicability • Design reuse is important and the corresponding code is difficult to write • Early experiments • 17% of the code is unsuitable for automatic code generation • Of the remaining 83% of the code, approximately 40% is automatically generated

  15. Technology Upgrade • Long development cycle • Support at least three generations of electronics over development lifecycle • Technologies • Fibre Channel • Single Board Computers • Digital Motor Control • Controller Area Network (CAN)

  16. Fibre Channel • New network backbone • Supports its own, as well as higher level protocols such as IP and SCSI • Very fast transfers of large amounts of information • Compatible with the requirements of JTA-Army

  17. Single Board Computers • New more powerful SBCs • Re-deploy software • Take advantage of multiple CPUs on each SBCs • Judicious partitioning • Impact limited to device drivers

  18. Digital Motor Control DMC • Move heavy equipment • Very fast, and very reliably • Federated design • Specialized computers implement low-level control of equipment • Tight dependency between hardware and software • Hardware upgrade causes a redesign of the associated software SBC R / D Resolver Prox Switch Brake

  19. Controller Area Network (CAN) • Obsolescence • Replace MIL-STD 1553 • Auto industry challenges • Highly reliable systems with very low production costs • Straightforward integration • Network management software already exists • Abstraction for each device on the network already exist • Dependency on the network protocol isolated to the low level software

  20. Conclusions • Technology upgrades must occur faster and be cheaper • Collapsing development lifecycles, digital innovation and externalization increase pressure • Adaptive architectures • Ability to enable rapid changes due to a changing external environment (technologies and requirements) • Sustainable competitive advantage • Trade capital for staff • Standard configurations • Err on the side of overcapacity not undercapacity • Lower total cost of ownership

  21. Presentation Time • Each speaker will have 25 minutes • Plan on: • About 2-3 minutes for set-up, speaker intro • About 17-19 minutes for you to present • About 4-5 minutes for Q&A • Session Chairs will indicate 5 and 2 minutes to-go • Plan to stay within your time limit

  22. Presentation Equipment • Computer projection equipment will be provided • All authors are requested to use this mode of presentation • We will accommodate only PowerPoint format for electronic presentations • A vugraph projector will be available as a back-up; bring a set of vugraphs as a fallback

  23. Presentation Equipment (Cont.) • A laser pointer will be provided • Both a podium and a lavaliere microphone will be available • All presenters will need to use microphones since session roomsare large

  24. Submittal of Presentations • Please bring two PC floppies, CD or Zip disks of your presentation to the conference -- one disk for back up, just in case • Presentations will be preloaded the evening prior to your talk. • Bring your labeled PC disk, CD or zip disk (e.g. Track 1 Session 2- McKinney, Tues. 15:00) to the Speaker Ready Room between the hours of 2:30 pm - 7pm the day prior to your presentation for preloading.

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