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What is Genocide?

What is Genocide?. Genocide : is any act that is intended to destroy, in whole or part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. Example s: Killing members of a group Causing bodily or mental harm Inflicting negative conditions of life Prevent births Transfer children

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What is Genocide?

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  1. What is Genocide? • Genocide: is any act that is intended to destroy, in whole or part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. • Examples: • Killing members of a group • Causing bodily or mental harm • Inflicting negative conditions of life • Prevent births • Transfer children • UN Genocide Convention

  2. GENOCIDE • CAUSES: • Difficult social conditions • intense economic problems • intense political conflict • this can be conflict between dominant groups and subordinate ones that are poor and have limited rights • very great and rapid social changes • List EXAMPLES:

  3. cultural aspects that make genocide probable • Define SCAPEGOATING: • History of conflict and violence between two groups • Strong respect for authority • Totalitarian countries are more likely to engage in genocide than democratic. • WHY? • How does passivity increase the violence? • http://www.soundportraits.org/on-air/remembering_kitty_genovese/ • The New York Times: Multimedia Search for 'rwanda'

  4. HUTU-TUTSI CONFLICT GENOCIDE “ETHNIC CLEANSING”

  5. RWANDA • Hutus are the ______________ • Tutsi are the ______________ • The European power that imperialized Rwanda is ________ • Independence was gained in 1961 • Hutus took power • 200,000 Tutsi’s fled Rwanda • Tutsi’s formed the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) • a militia group Paul Kagame

  6. Rwanda’s Colonial Legacy • 1600s- Tutsi kings conquered Hutus • feudal system set up • 1916- Belgium took control of Rwanda • required identity cards labeled w/ person’s ethnicity • ruled through Tutsi kings • Tutsi were the minority • 1959-Hutus rebelled against Tutsis • 20,000 killed • others forced into exile

  7. Hutu 85% of Population Under colonial rule: serfs/ peasants After independence: Hutu’s wanted power back Took power 200,000 Tutsi’s fled Rwanda 1994 After plane crash w/ the presidents of Rwanda & Burundi, both Hutus, begin to commit killings of Tutsis. Who’s believed to shot down the plane? Tutsi 15% of population Under colonial rule: Upper class After independence: Tried to keep power 800,000 massacred Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) Tutsi militia group Ended the genocide Hutu/ Tutsi Conflict

  8. The Spark • 1994: Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, plane was shot down • Who shot down the plane? • Gov’t encourages Hutus to kill Tutsi over the radio • an unofficial militia group called the Interahamwe (meaning those who attack together) began to massacre Tutsi’s • Death toll: _____________ • @ Hutu: ______________ • Why? • RPF defeated the Interahamwe • Defeated Hutus (2 million) flee to Zaire in fear of retribution Fleeing to Zaire (now the DR Congo)

  9. Aftermath • Tutsis recapture capital • w/ help from the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) • Death toll equaled 10% of the population • 90% of victims were Tutsi • 10% were moderate Hutus • 2 million Hutu refugees flee in fear • Rwanda’s leader at the time, Jean Kambanda (Hutu), put on trial • Given life in prison

  10. Reflection • Why do you think this event started? • Was Rwanda a genocide? Explain. • What should the United Nations have done? Explain. • What should the US have done? Explain. • Heroes and Bystanders • www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ghosts/video

  11. DARFUR, Sudan • Who is committing the acts of Genocide? • Who are the victims?

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