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Arab-Israeli Conflict

Arab-Israeli Conflict. United Nations Divides Palestine. 1947 Separate Jewish and Arab States Golan Heights, West Bank and Gaza Strip: Arab Areas May 1948: Israel proclaims independence. Immediately attacked by 5 Arab Nations. Egypt, Syria, Lebanon Jordan and Iraq

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Arab-Israeli Conflict

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  1. Arab-Israeli Conflict

  2. United Nations Divides Palestine • 1947 • Separate Jewish and Arab States • Golan Heights, West Bank and Gaza Strip: Arab Areas • May 1948: Israel proclaims independence

  3. Immediately attacked by 5 Arab Nations • Egypt, Syria, Lebanon • Jordan and Iraq • Poorly organized: Israel survives • Cease fire: Golan Heights to Syria, Jordan: West Bank and Egypt: Gaza strip

  4. Since 1948: Arab and Israelis: 3 more major wars • Egypt takes control of Suez Canal: from British and French owners: Israel attacks Egypt: gains canal but returns later • Arab guerillas launch small scale attacks into Israel and Israel raids Arab lands • 1964: PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) formed to defeat Israel and create independent state

  5. 1967: 6 day war • Israel takes over Golan, West Bank and Gaza Strip • Sinai also taken • Palestinian refugees increase in Lebanon and Jordan • PLO leader: Arafat

  6. Terrorism Escalates • Hijacked airplanes • Munich Olympic games: Palestinians kill Jewish athletes • 1973: Egypt and Syria attack Israel: US helps Israel: Oil stopped by Arab countries

  7. 1978: Camp David Accords • Sadat: Egypt, Begin: Israel and Carter:US • Egypt recognizes Israel • Israel gives back Sinai peninsula • Discuss need for Palestinian state • Most Arab leader oppose • Two years later Sadat assasinated

  8. Lebanon • PLO launches attacks on Israel • Israel invades Lebanon: remains until 2000 • Refuge camps attacked by Christian militia • Israel condemned

  9. 1980: 10 year border dispute Iraq and Iran • Shatt al Arab region: • Shia’s in Iran encouraging unrest by Shia’s in Iraq

  10. Intifada Palestinians revolt against Israel military rule in West Bank and Gaza

  11. Reversal for PLO • Recognizes Israel’s right to exist • Ready to negotiate with Israel for peace in return for the creation of an independent state • Will decrease the violence

  12. 1990s: Radical leaders called Taliban control Afghanistan Limit women’s rights and shelter terrorists

  13. 1991: Persian Gulf War • Iraq invades Kuwait for oil • Iraq launches Scud missiles at Israel hoping to ignite a regional conflict • Coalition forces including Saudi Arabia join to defeat Saddam • Fires of Kuwait

  14. Peace Negotiations: 1993 • Rabin: Israel, and Arafat: PLO • Plan to give back land to the Palestinians in • PLO recognize Israel’s right to exist • Rabin is assassinated • Violence

  15. Wye River Agreement: 1998 Israelis troop withdrawals from Israeli held areas of West Bank and Gaza Strip

  16. Second Intifada • Numerous attacks through Israel, West Bank and Gaza: Israelis retaliate • Israel reoccupies most West Bank Cities and construct barriers in the West Bank

  17. The West Bank:Political and Physical Geography Fig. 6-16: Political control of the West Bank has been split between Palestinians and Israelis (though under overall Israeli control). The West Bank includes many of the higher altitude areas of the region.

  18. Peace agreements: 2005 • Remove Jewish settlements and Israeli troops from the Gaza Strip • An independent Palestinian state is established. • Hamas gains influence in Gaza • Terrorist groups continue to upset the region: Jewish settlers refuse to leave the West Bank

  19. Israel: Stop the violence we will give you the land

  20. Palestinians: Give us the land we will stop the violence

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