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Mantis Shrimps’ Eyes Inspire Cancer-detecting Camera

Mackenzie Mitchell BME 281 – Section 2. Mantis Shrimps’ Eyes Inspire Cancer-detecting Camera. Mantis Shrimp. Evolved for 400 million years Highly complex Detects circular and linear polarized light Most animals have 3 photoreceptors, mantis shrimp have 12. SUPER VISION.

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Mantis Shrimps’ Eyes Inspire Cancer-detecting Camera

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  1. Mackenzie Mitchell BME 281 – Section 2 Mantis Shrimps’ EyesInspire Cancer-detecting Camera

  2. Mantis Shrimp • Evolved for 400 million years • Highly complex • Detects circular and linear polarized light • Most animals have 3 photoreceptors, mantis shrimp have 12 SUPER VISION

  3. Human vision v. Mantis Shrimp vision • Mantis Shrimp • 12 photoreceptors • Visible and ultraviolet light • Polarized light (linear and circular) • Humans • 3 photoreceptors • Natural/visible light (unpolarized)

  4. How Mantis Shrimp Eyes Work • Ommatidia: long, thin clusters of photoreceptor cells • 4 rows of ommatidia in the midband • Sensitive to different wavelengths • Focus light

  5. How Mantis Shrimp Eyes Work (cont.) • Focused light is passed through multiple photosensitive R-cells • These cells contain microvilli that filter polarized light • Brain receives visual information

  6. Engineers Try To Mimic This System • Aluminum nanowire polarizers • Polarization filters • Like microvilli • Current mode CMOS image sensor • Complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor • Like photosensitive R-cells

  7. Polarization Imaging Sensor • Small enough to take images of cancer inside the body • Cancer is easily detected under polarized light • Structures are disorganized and invasive • Scatter light differently than normal body cells

  8. Difference Between Cancer Cells and Normal Cells

  9. Diagnosis of Cancer Today The Problem The Possible Solution Attaching a polarization imaging sensor to the endoscope to see what the Mantis Shrimp would see (12 photoreceptors) Eliminate the need for biopsies • Endoscope only allows doctors to see the tissue using his/her eyes (3 photoreceptors) • Biopsy, removal of tissue to be tested for cancer, is a necessary follow-up

  10. Results on Mouse with Colon Cancer • Cancerous cells- blue • Healthy cells-yellow • Areas of uncertainty- all other colors • Applied fluorescent dye to the suspect cancer tissue • Used the endoscope with the polarization imaging sensor

  11. Limitations • When the doctor is removing the cancer, where will he/she stop cutting the tissue? • Areas of uncertainty • Lack of depth shown in the image • Nanofabrication techniques and nanomaterials need to be more advanced • Very expensive technology

  12. Works Cited • Pappas, Stephanie. "Aggressive Mantis Shrimp Sees Color Like No Other." LiveScience. N.p., 23 Jan. 2014. Web. • Safford, Matt. "A Mantis Shrimp Inspires a New Camera for Detecting Cancer." Smithsonian. N.p., 3 Oct. 2014. Web. • Spector, Dina. "No Other Animal In The World Sees Color Like The Mantis Shrimp - And Researchers Finally Know Why." Business Insider. N.p., 23 Jan. 2014. Web. • Yong, Ed. "The Mantis Shrimp Sees Like A Satellite." Phenomena The Mantis Shrimp Sees Like A Satellite Comments. N.p., 23 Jan. 2014. Web. • *York, Timothy. "Bioinspired Polarization Imaging Sensors: From Circuits and Optics to Signal Processing Algorithms and Biomedical Applications." IEEE Xplore. N.p., 20 Aug. 2014. Web.

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