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The Invasion of Grenada

The Invasion of Grenada. October 1983. Background. Grenada is a small island located in the Carribean . Grenada was a former British Colony and part of the commonwealth. Maurice Bishop took power from the former unpopular despotic regime on March 13, 1979 in a almost bloodless coup.

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The Invasion of Grenada

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  1. The Invasion of Grenada October 1983

  2. Background • Grenada is a small island located in the Carribean. • Grenada was a former British Colony and part of the commonwealth. • Maurice Bishop took power from the former unpopular despotic regime on March 13, 1979 in a almost bloodless coup.

  3. Main Factions • The United States of America.,Main aggressors in invasion. • Grenada split between Maurice Bishop backed by New Jewel movement, and The Grenadian Army • Other Caribbean nations, played parts in supporting Grenada or U.S.A

  4. Tension • Maurice Bishop and the New Jewel Movement (NJM) were working toward a socialist government. • Relations with communist countries such as Cuba gained disapproval from U.S • Economic pressuring of Grenada by U.S caused Grenada to look to Cuba for more assistance. Maurice Bishop and Fidel Castro

  5. Escalation • Grenada received funds to build airport at Port Salines. • U.S. argued that the airport was unnecessary and was really for communist militaristic purposes. • Assassination of Maurice Bishop and high ranking officials of NJM by Grenadian Military sparks U.S. Intervention.

  6. Invasion • Operation Urgent Fury • U.S. and nations of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) invade Grenada. • U.S. most dominant military force involved. • U.S. mostly destroys Grenadian resistance.

  7. Forces U.S. and OECS Grenada and cuba • Initially around 1,200 U.S. soldiers rising to 7,000 over a short period of time. • Around 300 OECS soldiers • About 1,500 Grenadians and around 700 Cubans were the resistance forces. CASUALTIES: Cuba: 25 killed 59 wounded 638 captured Grenada:45 killed 358 wounded U.S: 19 Killed 116 wounded At least 24 civilian casualties

  8. U.S. Objective • Justified Invasion as a rescue mission of medical students studying in Grenada. • Also used formal plea from OECS as justification • Ultimately wanted to stop another Cuba from springing up in Caribbean

  9. Result • U.S. Victory replacing the “communist” government and replacing with pro-western. • First American military victory since Vietnam. • Grenadian government left in a downfall.

  10. U.S. Reaction • Vast majority of population approved. • However, some believed no Americans were truly in danger before or after the Invasion. • Overall public support of Regan increased, as well as military support.

  11. Effect on U.S. • Proved U.S. would not stand to see pro-Marxist/communist governments in Western Hemisphere • Negative world view on U.S. even by strong allies brought controversy. • Public support for Regan Administration raised.

  12. Grenada Reaction • Overall many Grenadians relieved to have some order restored. • Accepted the invasion as a liberation of Grenada.

  13. Effect on Grenada • Government left unstable • Economy collapsed • Poverty and unemployment rose for next few years. • Dependant on American aid for years following.

  14. World Reaction • Highly negative reaction even from some of U.S. closest allies. • United Nations condemned the armed intervention in Grenada • U.S. seen as having no respect for international law and legality of a country.

  15. Overall Outcome • Proved U.S. commitment to stop communism in Americas. • Gained popular support for Regan Administration. • Raised Anti-American sentiment in the world. • Left Grenada free but ruined.

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