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Pan Africanism. 2 world wars and great depression weaken European powers Can no longer support colonies Moral issues of racism & violent suppression also weaken positions Leaders educated in the West rise to prominence Nationalistic ideas spread to population . Attempts to organize.
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Pan Africanism • 2 world wars and great depression weaken European powers • Can no longer support colonies • Moral issues of racism & violent suppression also weaken positions • Leaders educated in the West rise to prominence • Nationalistic ideas spread to population
Attempts to organize • Rapid decolonization 1955-1965 • Organization of African Unity (OAU) • the African Union • Pan Africanism & the Negritude movement • Kwame Nkrumah, Leopold Senghor, Jomo Kenyatta • “Africa for Africans”
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Political problems Examples Ivory Coast Sierra Leone Somalia Congo Rwanda Darfur Libya • Instability • Civil wars—ethnic, regional, etc. • Military dictators—corruption • Terror and Genocide
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Economic Policies Examples Nigeria Congo Sierra Leone Sudan Zimbabwe Tanzania • Slow growth—poverty • Debts & loans instead of investment • Cash crop and subsistence farming
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Resource Wars • Blood Diamonds • Oil Terrorism • Farm and grazing land • Access to clean water
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Social Examples 64% of HIV positive worldwide are in Africa Malaria Street children Rape as a political weapon • Disease • Famine • Status of Women
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Population and Poverty Examples Nigeria Kenya South Africa • Overpopulation • Continent doubled in 30 yrs. • High birthrate • Migration to cities • Haves and have nots
Obstacles to Progress in Africa Land and Climate Examples Ethiopia Kenya Sudan Somalia • Vast and Harsh • Access to resources • Desertification • Lack of rainfall
Names, terms & things to know about this time period in Africa • Geography • Imperialism • Reasons for imperialism • Reasons why in Africa now • White Man’s Burden • Scramble for Africa • Berlin Conference • King Leopold of Belgium • Livingstone & Stanley • Cecil Rhodes • Resource exploitation • Zulu Resistance • Boer War • Impact of Imperialism • Independence & Nationalist movements • Apartheid S. Africa • Barriers to progress and stability