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Pan- Africanism ,

Pan- Africanism ,. All colonial powers were hostile to the movement and did all it could to oppress it Bakpetu Thompson sees Pan- Africanism as a struggle in which Africans and others of African blood have been engaged in Not known who launched the first Pan- Africanism

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Pan- Africanism ,

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  1. Pan-Africanism, • All colonial powers were hostile to the movement and did all it could to oppress it • Bakpetu Thompson sees Pan- Africanism as a struggle in which Africans and others of African blood have been engaged in • Not known who launched the first Pan-Africanism • 1893- First Pan African Conference The Chicago Congress on Africa in 1893 maybe taken as the beginning of Pan-Africanism movement . The congress lasted for I week and was attended by Yakub Pasha – Egyptian • Africans in Diaspora were against colonial domination hence started African Association in England on 24 TH Sept 1897

  2. Pan- Africanism background • Founders of African Association were convinced that time had come when black voices should be heard • 1900 • Second Pan- African Conference -took place from 23RD -25THJuly 1900 under Leadership of BishopAlexander Walters in Westminster town hall • Aims- • 1. to bring closer people of African descent all over the world • 2.Start movement to promote and secure full rights and business interests of Africans • It was attended by 10 representatives from Africa including • Otonba Payne and James Johnson (Sierra Leon) • A. RiberoGold Coast- (Ghana) • F.R.S. Johnson ( Liberia) • Britain was : • called for stopping of racial discrimination • That no power should stop Africans in social ,political development • Complete the noble work of Wilberforce, Clarkson and Livingstone by granting right to government

  3. Pan- Africanism • 3rd Conference -1919 Dubois calls a Pan- African Conference in Paris from 19TH -21ST Feb 1919 at Grand Hotel Boulevard des Capucines • Attended by 57 delegates from different parts of Africa where 15 Territories were represented and Africans in Diaspora e.g. • Abyssinia (Ethiopia), Egypt, Liberia, British Africa, French Africa, USA, San Domingo, French Caribbean, Belgian Congo, Haiti, • Resolution- inhabitants of Africa must henceforth be governed according to certain principles e.g. abolition of forced labor, prevention of exploitation of African people • These demands were moderate

  4. third Conference • France and Germany: were reminded that true imperial dependencies lies in their prosperity, progress and justice impartial to black and white • Conference sent petition to queen Victoria protesting the conditions of her majesty's subjects in the British empire • Published their first journal Pan –Africanism in Oct 1901 with the motto Light and Liberty • 1920 –Garvey Convention at Madison Square gave tenants notice to vacate or face forceful eviction • Formation of United Negro Improvement Association UNIA in USA=John H. Davis (African America) appointed himself emperor of Africa and ordered all foreigners with exception of those legally married to Africans to leave the continent and colonial powers to hand over power to Africans and Afro- Africans . Their • Argument – If Europe is for Europeans the Africa is For Africans

  5. 1921 Pan- African Conference • Took place at Westminster from 27TH -29th August • Was attended by OjoOlaribigale- Nigeria, Paul Panda- Congo. • Reps from Ethiopia, Madagascar, Grenada, Guadalupe, Haiti, Liberia, Angola, Morocco, S. Africa, East Africa was represented by Norman Leys white administrator who opposed colonialism • There was more radical agitation for freedom • Conference discussed the land question raised by Leys how land was denied Africans in Kenya, Rhodesia, Nyasaland(Malawi) and Uganda • European reaction was fear of a revolution and black domination

  6. Western Response • Was mixed reaction • Britain-Use of Secret agents of the British Colonial office in London • Belgium newspapers stated that whether one liked Dubois or not one must bow to his “brilliant intellect” and his devotion to the black race • Foreign journalist referred to him as the “father of Pan-Africanism” • France was the operation base of Pan-Africanism

  7. 1923 Pan-African Conference • Called by Dubois in London. • Participants were: • Chief Amoah III- Gold Coast • Kamba-Simango- Angola educated in US • 1923 Conference produced “the 8 General irreducible needs” e.g. 1. Voice in their own government 2. Access to land and its resources 3. Trial by jury 4. Free elementary education 5. Preparation for self rule in Nigeria, Uganda and Barotseland

  8. 1923 Conference 6. White settlers in Kenya, Rhodesia and S. Africa to surrender land. “No Land, no Peace no Progress” 7. Respect to Liberia and Ethiopian Political integrity 8 Britain to hand over Sudan to Egypt

  9. Pan- Africanism • Saw Ethiopian invasion in 1935 as another rape of motherland • Warned Africans never to trust ant treaty made by European powers • Ethiopian defense committee was set up in various parts of West Africa • AfricanusMensah of New Church in Nigeria • Criticized the invasion and conducted memorial service for the dead in the Italian invasion • 1937- 2 Pan- Africanist Associations were formed e.gUnited Aid for People of African Decent-message of Solidarity to emperor HailleSellasie and letters of Protest to America President Franklin Roosevelt, British Prime minister David George and Pope Pius X1

  10. 5TH Pan- African Conference 1945

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