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Athens and Sparta in 435

Athens and Sparta in 435. Athens and her empire, 454-432 BCE. 454 Delian treasury  Athens, converting the league into an empire 447 Parthenon begun 440 Resistance to empire crushed 440 Tension escalates between Athens & Sparta

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Athens and Sparta in 435

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  1. Athens and Sparta in 435

  2. Athens and her empire, 454-432 BCE 454 Delian treasury  Athens, converting the league into an empire 447 Parthenon begun 440 Resistance to empire crushed 440 Tension escalates between Athens & Sparta 432 Parthenon completed, work on Propylaea halted, Athens prepare for war 432 Peloponnesian war breaks out

  3. Thuc. 2.65 on Pericles’ leadership “What was nominally a democracy became in his hands government by the first citizen.”

  4. Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War 1.23 on the cause of the War “The real cause I consider to be the growth of the power of Athens, & the fear which this inspired in Sparta ….” King Leonidas, hero of Thermopylae in 480, epitome of Spartan hoplite prowess and oligarchic rule Pericles, “first citizen of Athens,” epitome of Athenian naval strategic thinking & democratic rule

  5. 432-431: Sparta attacks Attica; Pericles brings the people within the city walls

  6. The plague: Spring 430 • The plague enters Athens from the port of Piraeus and kills indiscriminately – as many as 1/3 of the population perishes. • “People acted for pleasure only; they did not take trouble for something regarded as noble, and no fear of god nor any law of man served as an impediment” (Thuc. 2.53) • Pericles’ final speech(Thuc. 2.63) • “Our naval power maintains our empire and our freedomto act …. We have our empire as a tyranny. To have taken it was, it seems, unjust; to let it go perilous …. The gods granted us our rule over most Hellenes, the memory of which will survive and which we deem to be just.”

  7. Athens and her empire, 429-404 BCE 429-1 Ebb & flow of war, leading to a stalemate 421 Fragile peace negotiated 416 Massacre at Melos: neutral island resists & is crushed 415-3 Sicilian expedition: Athens invades & is crushed 411 Oligarchic coup: democracy overthrown & restored 410-5 Ebb & flow of war, leading to Spartan final victory 404 Athens surrenders; dismantling of empire What impact did the rise & fall of empire have on the Athenians’ belief in gods reliance on families’ lives ? interest in tragedy, interest in sports & heroes?Asklepios ? music & dance? and games?

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