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BME 301

BME 301. Lecture Seven. Choice 1: yes Choice 2: no Choice 3: I am undecided. Poll Results. Question 1: Do you support reforming the US health care system so that it is a single payer system similar to that of Canada?. Exam I Results. Average = Standard Deviation = High grade = Scale:

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BME 301

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  1. BME 301 Lecture Seven

  2. Choice 1: yesChoice 2: noChoice 3: I am undecided Poll Results • Question 1: Do you support reforming the US health care system so that it is a single payer system similar to that of Canada?

  3. Exam I Results • Average = • Standard Deviation = • High grade = • Scale: • A = • B = • C = • D = • What to do if score was lower than you hoped? • Come see Dr. RRK - Re-examine how you studied!! • Can replace lowest hour exam with final exam grade • Extra credit announcements coming soon

  4. Four Questions • What are the major health problems worldwide? • Who pays to solve problems in health care? • How can technology solve health care problems? • How are health care technologies managed?

  5. Start here How can we use science and technology to solve problems in health care? Advance to next unit Where do innovations come from? Technology Assessment: The Big Picture Patient Outcomes Biological plausibility Science Drives Engineering Clinical Trials Scientific Method Societal Outcomes Technical Feasibility Engineering design How do we test and refine innovations? Case studies Prevention of Infectious Diseases Treatment of Heart Disease Early Detection of Cancer Pre-cancer  cancer transformation The circulatory system Detection of Morphologic Changes Gene Chips – molecular changes Microorganisms Arteriosclerosis CABG PTCA Heart Failure LVAD Transplant Immunity Breast Cervix Prostate Vaccines Outcomes Cost effectiveness Cost effectiveness HIV Outcomes Cost effectiveness

  6. Three Case Studies • Prevention of infectious disease • HIV/AIDS • Early detection of cancer • Cervical Cancer • Ovarian Cancer • Prostate Cancer • Treatment of heart disease • Atherosclerosis and heart attack • Heart failure

  7. Today: The process of developing a new medical technology

  8. Class Activity #1 – Gene Therapy Directions: • Place the articles in correct chronological order • Contextual clues in the selections • Your knowledge of the science of DNA and genes • Your recollection of events in the media. • Articles reflect current thought for the time • First article published in 1953; the last in 2003 • Discuss in group; come to consensus • Choose one member of your group to speak • Did your ideas about the sequence match each other? • What clues or events prompted you to make choice? • Do not discuss your ideas with other groups

  9. Definitions • What is the difference between science and engineering?

  10. Definitions • Science • Body of knowledge about natural phenomena which is: • Well founded • Testable • Purpose is to discover, create, confirm, disprove, reorganize, and disseminate statements that accurately describe some portion of physical, chemical, biological world • “Science is the human activity of seeking natural explanations for what we observe in the world around us.”

  11. Definitions • Engineering • Systematic design, production and operation of technical systems to meet practical human needs under specified constraints • Time • $$ • Performance • Reliability • “Engineering. . . in a broad sense. . . is applying science in an economic manner to the needs of mankind “

  12. Definitions • What is the difference between science and engineering? • Science • Inquiry to better understand world around us • No practical goal necessary • Engineering • Use of science to solve real world problem in practical way

  13. SPECS FMEA Refine Design Engineering Design Method • Fashioning a product made for a practical goal in the presence of constraints • Six design steps: • 1. Identify a need • 2. Define the problem (goals, constraints) • 3. Gather information • 4. Develop solutions • 5. Evaluate solutions • 6. Communicate results • Papers, patents, marketing

  14. Example: Ischemic Heart Disease • Science of IHD • Engineering solutions for IHD • 1. Identify a need • 2. Define the problem (goals, constraints) • 3. Gather information • 4. Develop solutions • 5. Evaluate solutions • 6. Communicate results

  15. Journal Article

  16. Patent • www.uspto.gov • Diagnostic Imaging Patent

  17. Summary of Lecture 7 • Science • “Science is the human activity of seeking natural explanations for what we observe in the world around us.” • Engineering • Systematic design, production and operation of technical systems to meet practical human needs under specified constraints • Six steps of the engineering design method

  18. Assignments Due Next Time • HW3 • How to use Medline: • http://www.lib.utexas.edu

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