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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome. By: Aislynn & Eylora Period 3. Ancient Roman Writing. The Romans native language was Latin. They used this language both for speaking and in writing. The Roman alphabet was influenced by the Greeks and the Etruscans.

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Ancient Rome

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  1. Ancient Rome By: Aislynn & Eylora Period 3

  2. Ancient Roman Writing • The Romans native language was Latin. They used this language both for speaking and in writing. • The Roman alphabet was influenced by the Greeks and the Etruscans. • The Roman alphabet was not pictographic. We can not read it in the present day. • The Romans wanted a form of communication to be able to carry messages long distances, without them being told to the receiver orally. • The eastern half of the Roman Empire eventually became Greek-speaking after being conquered by the Byzantines who then only spoke Greek. The Latin language however was preserved and developed into languages, such as Spanish, Portuguese, French and Italian. The Latin writing was also preserved. Ancient Roman Writings.

  3. Ancient Roman Art/Architecture • The Romans wanted to tell future generations about the past by making art and architecture to show their past achievements. • Roman art was mainly displayed through their churches; to show religious ceremonies. Religion is what inspired the Roman’s art. • The Romans were influenced by the Etruscans and used mathematics and gravity to build architecture that still stands today, over 2,000 years later. • From the Romans art and architecture we know about their past daily life, ceremonies and achievements. Roman Art of Architecture.

  4. Ancient Roman Contributions • One major contribution to the ancient world the Romans made was the spread of Christianity. With a huge empire connected under one official government Christianity spread quickly through the Mediterranean. • The empires that the Romans conquered preserved the Latin language and developed it into other modern day languages ( Italian, Portuguese, and French). • The slave population was also a major contribution. The Romans used their war prisoners as slaves who did all the heavy lifting to make architectural monuments we have today. • The founders of our country admired the way the Romans built their government and based ours on theirs. Like the Romans we elect our leaders. Also like the Romans we have written laws documented in the Constitution. • The Romans left us with many modern day languages, religion, and architecture that still stand today. Roman Religious Ceremonial Square.

  5. Ancient Roman Golden Age • The Romans did have a golden age called the Pax Romana or also known as the Roman Peace. • The Pax Romana began after the rule of Augustus and lasted around 200 years. The emperors who followed him tried hard to follow his legacy. • The Pax Romana was a time of wealth, prosperity and increased trade for the Romans. All the wealth led to many architectural achievements such as the Coliseum and the Circus Maximus. • The Pax Romana was also a time for culture and literature. Some of the worlds most famous plays, poems and stories were written during this time. • The Golden Age ended when the empire split in two -due to the constant attacks at the boarder. The Byzantines eventually took over. Coin from the Golden Age.

  6. Ancient Roman Indentured Servants/Slaves • The Roman empire depended on slaves as a cheap source of labor to produce wealth. However, when the Romans conquered a civilization they did let the people become citizens of the Roman empire. The ancient Romans got their slave population from capturing war prisoners. • The Romans forced their slaves into doing all the heavy lifting and building their cities. • Slavery was not based on race or religion, simply on who the ancient Romans fought and captured as war prisoners. • If you became a slave it was permanent. You could not climb in this caste or ranking. Slaves Working in Bakery.

  7. Ancient Roman Rise & Fall • At first Rome was just a small town in Italy. It wasn’t fully established until the year 753 B.C. • Legend states that it was the twin brothers Romulus and Remus that established Rome. • Rome fell when the empire grew too large and eventually split in two. With the constant attacks at the boarders and the government breaking down the Roman empire fell in the year 476 AD. • The Roman empire started their expansion in Italy around 100 B.C. As the Romans expanded their empire even more in the next 200 years they controlled most of the Mediterranean around the year 117 AD. • The Romans conquered the Persians (Parthian and Sassanian Dynasties.) • The Romans were conquered by barbarous groups who had complex societies and strong notorious leaders that had an army of thousands. • It was the Romans geographic location that kept the empire alive. With the Mediterranean providing trade routes, increasing wealth kept the empire on its feet. The Mediterranean was also a possible escape route. Ancient Rome in Flames.

  8. Ancient Roman Government • Before Rome had emperors it had been run by the Senate, who was elected by the people. This made Rome a republic. • In the Senate the people of Rome voted for the two consuls. The consuls were the ones who governed Rome. After they had served for a year they were replaced. • Magistrates kept law and order in the Senate and managed Rome’s finances. When magistrates retired from their old job they became senators. • The people of Rome voted for the tribunes. It was the tribunes job to make sure that the citizens of Rome were treated justly. • Senators went to the Senate to debate important government concerns. The Senators job was to give guidance to the two consuls. • The first Roman laws were written down on the Twelve Tablets for all to see. Their laws concerned everyday life, jobs and citizens rights. Roman law covered a wide range of areas including: Religion, Rights of Roman Citizens, Public Meetings and Assemblies, the Senate and Magistrates, Laws relating to laws and Privileges, Provinces and their Governors, Agrarian laws, Laws relating to Corn, Expenses of the State, Military affairs, Tutorship and Wardships(De Tutelis), Wills and Legacies, Money and Lending, Judges, Laws relating to trials and judgments, Crimes, Slaves and slavery and Marriage and Divorce • A government official called a praetor was the head of the court. Different praetors had authority over different types of proceedings. Ancient Roman Senate Meeting.

  9. Ancient Roman Economy • Trade made the Roman empire a huge trade network. It created prosperity and it moved goods from one end of the empire to the other. It led to the discovery of new plants, herbs and crops. Trade made Rome multicultural. Trade provided new foods and spices, and influenced art and architecture. Trade provided dyes for textiles and stones for embellishing jewelry. Trade encouraged the exchange of ideas and knowledge. • The Romans traded textiles like clothing, garments, wool, and plants and metals like gold, silver, copper, iron, brass, stone (to make marble and brick). The Romans also traded salt, grain pottery, wood, tools, weapons and people (slave trade). • The Roman empire was in a prime geographic location for trade. The Tiber River was a major trade route because it had important cities along it. The Mediterranean Sea was also a major place for trade routes. The Mediterranean gave the Romans access to North Africa. • The social make-up of ancient Rome was based on heredity, property, wealth, citizenship and freedom. The economy of Rome depended on success at war to keep the slaves and the cheap grain coming to feed the poor plebeian class. Roman Merchants at Trading Market.

  10. Ancient Roman Beliefs • The Romans were influenced by the Greeks and they were first polytheistic, but then converted to monotheism. • Around 300 AD Christianity came into play from Judea. Many of the Roman leaders did not approve of the new religion because they feared it would cause rebellion and began executing the Christians but small groups met in secret. When Constantine became emperor he became a Christian himself, and banned all other religions. • The government and the church were very much affiliated with each other; no event could take place without the priest agreeing to it first. • Although the Romans thought themselves to be very religions, but did not believe in life after death or reincarnation. Romans meeting in secret to practice Christianity.

  11. Ancient Roman Technology • The Romans invented the sundial to tell the time and the calendar to tell the day. • They were able to make a calendar by studying the phases of the moon called a Lunar calendar. They used the calendar for centuries not knowing there were flaws. The Romans then based their calendar on the Sun which was called the Julian Calendar. • The Romans used aqueducts to transport water long distances. The Romans used this system for farming, trade and transporting materials to building sites. • The Romans got their slaves to build the buildings, making them carry large, heavy chunks of concrete to the building site. The Romans used pulley systems to haul the building material up the building. • Roman roads were made out of gravel, granite and hardened volcanic rock. The Romans had the slaves do hard labor in placing the cement down. The Romans were able to build over 50,000 miles of road by 200 A.D, that we still use today. Ancient Roman Sundial.

  12. Citations http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+trade&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=ancient+roman+trade&sc=0-0&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&id=B98CD21CAFC81B8DB2BDEE41FCBED http://ancient-rome.biz/daily-life.html http://www.ehow.com/info_8346529_contributions-ancient-roman-civilization.html htmlromangov.weebly.com/roman-republic.html http://http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+government+meetings&FORM=HDRSC2#view=detail&id=7CF071C15B0B2C58E06EE2E5099E8CDB2D00CAD3&selectedIndex=2 http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_were_the_Ancient_Romans_courts_like http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/latin-writing-20423572.jpg http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=ancient+roman+sundial&qs=n&form=QBIR&pq=ancient+roman+sundial&sc=8-16&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&id=DC50D827602DB8C4DDA18A8798FA8914B49BF5CA&selectedIndex=0 http://www.roman-empire.net/children/history.html http://www.history.com/news/history-lists/10-innovations-that-built-ancient-rome http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ancient_rome_and_trade.htm http://www.hierarchystructure.com/ancient-roman-government-hierarchy/ http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/Ancient_Roman_Currency_Economy.htm

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