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Understanding Electromagnetic Waves and Polarization for Beginners

Learn about the basics of electromagnetic waves and polarization, and how they are represented by electric and magnetic fields. Discover the concept of polarization in transverse waves and its applications with practical examples. Explore how polarized waves are transmitted and received, and the role of polaroid filters in controlling light polarization.

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Understanding Electromagnetic Waves and Polarization for Beginners

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  1. Electromagnetic waves and polarization

  2. Electromagnetic waves are made up of both a magnetic field compoonent (M) shown horizontally in this diagram and an electric field component (E) shown vertically By convention we refer to the electric field component of the wave when we talk about the orientation of the wave.

  3. 1

  4. 1 Sin θ θ 0

  5. Sin θ θ This is why the term 2π is used in wave equations. The phase of any part of the wave is therefore a fraction of 2 π

  6. π/2 Sin θ π 2π θ 2π/3

  7. Transverse Waves And Polarization

  8. Polarization. • Polarization is a phenomenon associated with Transverse waves and not longitudinal waves. • If all the vibrations of a transverse wave are in a single plane, the wave is said to be plane-polarized. plane-polarized wave

  9. Polarized waves heading off in the same direction Unpolarized waves heading off in the same direction

  10. A vertically orientated transverse wave can pass through the slot below but a horizontal wave cannot. Transmitted wave Reflected wave Applies only to transverse waves

  11. Steel grid klystron Microwaves exhibit polarization.

  12. Polarisation of waves from a transmitter The revveiving elements on these antenae are horizontal because the radio waves from the transmitter are polarised horizontally.

  13. A polaroid filter lets only the correctly polarised light through

  14. What happens with two polarizing filters?

  15. Producing polarised lightl

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