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The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

This article explores the 4x4 approach, a variation of MobileIP, addressing concerns such as device location, integration into current infrastructure, compatibility, scalability, and transparency. Key terms and concepts are explained, and packet delivery options are discussed.

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The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

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  1. The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation • An Address Mobility Solutions • Extension of MobileIP The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  2. Mobile IP - Concerns • Mobile devices • Addresses assigned by region is not applicable • Device location • Integration into current infrastructure • Compatibility • Scalability • Transparency The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  3. Key Terms • Mobile node (MN) • Mobile end user device/system communication with CN • Communicates with CN • Correspondent node (CN) • Fixed (for this topic) or mobile device/system • Communicates with a MN The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  4. Key Terms Cnt’d • Foreign agent (FA) • Node/router MN is connected to • Boasts all network facilities • Home Network (HA) • MN’s IP address belongs to this network • A router/node The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  5. MobileIP - Background • Keeps old IP address • Adds an additional address • Care of address (COA) • Two types: • Foreign agent-based (COA is FA) • Colocated (Uses Tunneling, COA is topologically correct) The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  6. The 4x4 Approach • Removes unnecessary overhead of MobileIP • Presumes MN not dependent on FA • MN able to aquire COA from current subnet • Optimization Goals: • Guaranteed delivery, low latency, and low overhead The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  7. 4x4 Approach - Concepts • MN-to-CN (OUT) • Four packet delivery options • CN-to-MN (IN) • An additional four packet delivery options • Delivery selection options • IN/OUT selection not necessarily independent • session-to-session • packet-to-packet The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  8. 4x4 Terms • s • Encapsulated source • d • Encapsulated source • S • Source • D • Destination The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  9. 4x4 IN packet options The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  10. 4x4 OUT packet options The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  11. 4x4 Option Set Note: (1) Lighter shading indicates compatibility with current standards (2) Darker shading indicates incompatibility with current standards The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  12. References • Handout (unknown source), Wireless Internet, Ch4. Page 155 to 189. • Stuart Cheshire and Mary Baker , “Internet Mobility 4x4”. ACM SIGCOMM 1996, pp. 318-329, August 1996. https://www.cs.tcd.ie/~htewari/papers/InternetMobility4x4.pdf • http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs444n/handouts/mobile1.ppt The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

  13. A Title • First • Sub-First • Second • Sub-second The 4x4 Approach, a MobileIP Variation

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