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THIS IS SPARTA!!! AND ATHENS TOO!!

THIS IS SPARTA!!! AND ATHENS TOO!!. Important Vocab Terms !!!!! (HINT HINT). Polis Agora Acropolis Monarchy Aristocracy Oligarchy Phalanx Helots Persian Wars. Sparta (military first). Conquered locally rather than colonize (Messenia – 725 BC) Sparta demanded half of the yearly crop

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THIS IS SPARTA!!! AND ATHENS TOO!!

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  1. THIS IS SPARTA!!!AND ATHENS TOO!!

  2. Important Vocab Terms !!!!!(HINT HINT) • Polis • Agora • Acropolis • Monarchy • Aristocracy • Oligarchy • Phalanx • Helots • Persian Wars

  3. Sparta (military first) • Conquered locally rather than colonize (Messenia – 725 BC) • Sparta demanded half of the yearly crop • Government • Assembly • Council of Elders • Proposed bills for Assembly • “Caste”-ish system

  4. Spartan Education • MEN: Everything centered around military training • At age 7, they left home and entered army barracks • Marched without shoes, slept on rock benches, ate little food • WOMEN: ran, wrestled, and played sports, learned to put service to Sparta above even love of family • Managed the family estates while men were at war • Could not vote, but otherwise had many rights other Greek women did not • Because of the devotion to a strong military, individual expression was discouraged. Little no no time for the arts

  5. Athens (Free society) • Democracy • Only free men could participate (women, slaves, and foreigners could not) • Women were expected to stay home, raise the children, and run the household

  6. Athenian Reforms • To ensure protection, Athenian commoners demanded a written code of laws (621 BCE) • In 594 BCE, Solon reformed the code of laws • Outlawed debt slavery • Any person can bring charges against another • Instituted exports of grapes and olives • In 508 BCE, Cleisthenes created political reform by removing power from the nobles and creating the Council of Five Hundred (chosen by random) • While much closer to true democracy, only 1/5 of Athenians could participate

  7. Persian Wars • Battle at Marathon • Athens sent troops to help a Greek Revolt in Ionia • Darius vowed to destroy Athens in revenge • 490 BCE- Persian fleet with 25,000 troops landed at Marathon to face 10,000 Greeks • 6400 Persians dead, 192 Greeks • Pheidippides ran the 26 miles back to Athens, delivered the message then died

  8. Thermopylae • Ten years later, Darius’s successor Xerxes tried • Greeks were badly divided, many either surrendered or fought on the Persian side • Therm. Is a narrow mountain pass, Xerxes met by 300 Spartans and 7,000 Greeks • Fought for three days, on the last day, Spartans held the pass so the other Greeks could retreat • 140 city-states united into the Delian League, drove Persia from Greece

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