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TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

UNIT 11. TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES. UNIT OVERVIEW. What is Intelligence? Assessing Intelligence The Dynamics of Intelligence Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence. WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE?. WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE?. Intelligence Savant syndrome

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TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

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  1. UNIT 11 TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

  2. UNIT OVERVIEW • What is Intelligence? • Assessing Intelligence • The Dynamics of Intelligence • Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

  3. WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE?

  4. WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE? • Intelligence • Savant syndrome • Intelligence test

  5. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? • Spearman’s General intelligence (g) • Factor analysis • Comparison to athleticism • Thurstone’s counter argument g

  6. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES:THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES • Gardner’s Eight Intelligences • Linguistic • Logical-mathematical • Musical • Spatial • Bodily-kinesthetic • Intrapersonal • Interpersonal • Naturalist

  7. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  8. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  9. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  10. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  11. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  12. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  13. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  14. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  15. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES? THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

  16. IS INTELLIGENCE ONE GENERAL ABILITY OR SEVERAL SPECIFIC ABILITIES:THEORIES OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES • Sternberg’s Three Intelligences • Analytical (academic problem-solving intelligence • Creating intelligence • Practical intelligence

  17. COMPARING THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

  18. COMPARING THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

  19. COMPARING THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

  20. COMPARING THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

  21. COMPARING THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

  22. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE • Emotional intelligence • Perceive emotions • Understand emotions • Manage emotions • Use emotions for adaptive or creative thinking

  23. IS INTELLIGENCE NEUROLOGICALLY MEASURABLE?BRAIN SIZE AND COMPLEXITY • Brain size studies • Brain complexity studies • Neural plasticity • Gray matter versus white matter

  24. IS INTELLIGENCE NEUROLOGICALLY MEASURABLE?BRAIN FUNCTION • Perceptual speed • Neurological speed

  25. ASSESSING INTELLIGENCE

  26. THE ORIGINS OF INTELLIGENCE TESTING • Francis Galton’s intelligence testing • Reaction time • Sensory acuity • Muscular power • Body proportions

  27. THE ORIGINS OF INTELLIGENCE TESTING:ALFRED BINET: PREDICTING SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT • Alfred Binet • Indentifying French school children in need of assistance • Mental age • Chronological age

  28. THE ORIGINS OF INTELLIGENCE TESTINGLEWIS TERMAN: THE INNATE IQ • Stanford-Binet Test • Lewis Terman • Intelligence quotient (IQ) • IQ = (mental age/chronological age) X 100 • IQ of 100 is considered average • World War I testing

  29. MODERN TESTS OF MENTAL ABILITIES • Achievement tests • Aptitude tests

  30. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities • Achievement tests • Aptitude tests

  31. MODERN TESTS OF MENTAL ABILITIES • Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) • Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)

  32. WECHLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE

  33. PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTIONSTANDARDIZATION • Standardization • Normal curve (bell curve)

  34. NORMAL CURVE

  35. NORMAL CURVE

  36. NORMAL CURVE

  37. NORMAL CURVE

  38. NORMAL CURVE

  39. NORMAL CURVE

  40. NORMAL CURVE

  41. PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTION:STANDARDIZATION • Flynn effect

  42. PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTION:STANDARDIZATION • Flynn effect

  43. PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTION:RELIABILITY • Reliability • Scores correlate • Test-retest reliability • Split-half reliability

  44. PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTION:VALIDITY • Validity • Content validity • Criterion • Predictive validity

  45. THE DYNAMICS OF INTELLIGENCE

  46. STABILITY OR CHANGE? • Intelligence testing through life

  47. STABILITY OR CHANGE? • Intelligence testing through life

  48. EXTREMES OF INTELLIGENCETHE LOW EXTREME • Intellectual disability • Mental retardation • Down syndrome • 21st chromosome • Mainstreamed

  49. EXTREMES OF INTELLIGENCE:CLASSIFICATIONS OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

  50. EXTREMES OF INTELLIGENCE:CLASSIFICATIONS OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

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