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Understanding Blood Components and Types | Comprehensive Guide

Learn about red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma, blood types, and Rh factors. Discover how each component functions, their roles in the body, and compatibility factors for blood transfusions.

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Understanding Blood Components and Types | Comprehensive Guide

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  1. Blood

  2. Components of Blood • Whole blood • RBCs • WBCs • Platelets: cell fragments that aid in clotting • Plasma • 90% water (allows materials to dissolve) • Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste • Concentrations allows diffusion in/out of blood stream

  3. Click picture to play

  4. Red Blood Cells • Produced from stem cells in bone marrow • Lose nucleus as they mature • Transport O2 to cells; remove CO2 • O2 binds to hemoglobin proteins • Dead cells filtered by liver & spleen

  5. Sickle Cell Normal

  6. ABO Blood Groups • Proteins on blood cells determined blood type • Antigen (markers) • proteins on cell’s surface that identify cells as foreign or natural • Antibodies: • proteins from WBCs to attack invaders • Float freely in plasma

  7. Group A blood • A antigens on the surface of your RBCs • B antibodies in your blood plasma

  8. Group B blood • B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • A antibodies in your blood plasma

  9. Group AB blood • A and B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • no A or B antibodies at all in your blood plasma

  10. Group O blood • No A or B antigens on the surface of your RBCs • both A and B antibodies in your blood plasma

  11. Rh Factors • Rh+ • Protein found in blood • Can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood • Rh- • Lack protein in blood • Only receive Rh- blood

  12. 1) Can this work? • Acceptor O- • Donor • AB-

  13. 2) Can this work? • Acceptor A+ • Donor • A-

  14. 3) Can this work? • Acceptor AB- • Donor • B-

  15. 1) Can this work? • Acceptor O- • Donor • AB- No! The AB antibodies attack the donors blood. Blood type O can only receive Blood type O.

  16. 2) Can this work? • Acceptor A+ • Donor • A- Yes! There are no Rh antigens on the donors blood cells.

  17. 3) Can this work? • Acceptor AB- • Donor • B- Yes! The AB patients can receive any blood type. And, both people do not have Rh antibodies.

  18. White Blood Cells • Remove foreign invaders & dead cells • Able to move through body tissue

  19. Platelets • Form clots when bleeding • Proteins form a web to trap cells & platelets

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