1 / 18

Overview of Islam

Explore the history and expansion of Islam, the world's fastest-growing religion with over 1 billion followers worldwide. Learn about Muhammad, the Five Pillars of Islam, and the split between Sunni and Shiite Muslims.

martinezmario
Télécharger la présentation

Overview of Islam

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Overview of Islam Today, Islam is the world’s fastest growing religion with more than 1 billion followers throughout the world

  2. What was Arabia like before Muhammad?

  3. Islam • Islam is a monotheistic religion that began in city of Mecca located on the Arabian Peninsula near the Byzantine Empire • Arabians were polytheistic & came to visit Mecca to pray to the Kabba, a shrine containing idols of 360 different gods (including Allah)

  4. Islam • Mohammad was born in Mecca & was interested in monotheism of Jews & Christians who traded in Mecca • At age 40, Mohammad had a vision that told him he was a messenger of Allah (Arabic word for “god”; the same god as Christians & Jews) • Muhammad called his religion Islam (“surrender to God”) & destroyed the other idols in the Kabba

  5. Islam • Mohammad identified rules all Muslims should live by, called the Five Pillars of Islam: • Faith—believe in 1 god, Allah • Prayer—five times every day • Alms—give money to the needy • Fasting—eat no food from sunrise to sunset for 1 month (Ramadan) • Pilgrimage—one in life, go to Mecca

  6. Muezzin Pilgrims in Mecca

  7. Islam Islam became a very popular religion in Mecca and Medina.

  8. Expansion of Islam • Muslims began to expand; idea of jihad taught that Muslims would go straight to heaven if died fighting for Allah; so they fought very hard to expand. • Holy wars were considered okay in God's eyes.

  9. Islam expanded into a huge empire including Spain, Northern Africa, Persia, and Arabia.

  10. Expansion of Islam • Expanded Arabic language and cultural innovations. • Islamic rulers proved mostly tolerant, they offered new subjects three choices: • convert to Islam • pay a tax or • die

  11. Islam • Like Christianity, Islam split into 2 sects; after Muhammad died, caliphs (followers of Muhammad) lead Islamic faith, but confusion over the “correct” leadership (caliph): • Sunni—caliphs should be chosen by vote (95% Muslims are Sunni today) • Shiite—caliphs should come directly from Muhammad’s family tree (more radical; 3% of all Muslims today)

  12. Percentage Today of Sunni & Shi’a Muslims Worldwide

  13. BYZANTINES MUSLIMS

  14. Ottoman Turks • Turks are nomads from Asia; contact with Muslim Empire led to conversion of Turks to Islam • Ottoman Turks—Most powerful group of Turks began to grow strong as Byzantine Empire and Islamic Empire began to weaken • Defeated both Islamic Empire & Byzantine Empire; created Ottoman Empire

  15. Seige of Constantinople (1453 A.D.)

  16. The Ottoman Empire

More Related