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ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS

ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS. AMIRAH BT JAMALUDIN NURHIDAYATUL HUSNA BT JOHARI. Introduction. Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy.

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ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS

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  1. ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS AMIRAH BT JAMALUDIN NURHIDAYATUL HUSNA BT JOHARI

  2. Introduction • Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy. • If something irritates this conjunctiva, eyes may become red and swollen. The eyes also may itch, hurt or watery. • It is also known as “pink eye”.

  3. Types of allergic conjunctivitis:

  4. Allergic simple conjunctivitis • Definition : Occurring as the result of exposure to a wide variety of allergens • Simpleallergic conjunctivitis often results from exposure to eye medications or contact lens solutions (or their preservatives). • Symptoms: • Itching and tearing in response to antigen exposure. • Signs : • Unilateral or bilateral • Mild to moderate conjunctiva hyperaemia • Chemosis

  5. Management: • General measures include: • Avoid allergen where possible • Avoid wearing contact lenses until symptoms and signs resolve • Avoid rubbing the eyes • Cool compresses and preservative-free lubricants may also help If severe, • Oral or topical anti-histamine • Mast cell stabilizer

  6. Phlyctenular conjunctivitis • Definition: Kerato-conjunctivitis produced as an allergy to an endogenous agent. • Aetiology: It is a manifestation of allergy to an endogenous toxin as • Tuberculo-protein • Intestinal parasites • Septic foci as in tonsils and adenoids • Symptoms : • Discomfort and lacrimation • If cornea involved,photophobia and blepharospasm occur

  7. Signs : • Phlyctens • Rounded nodules • Size 1-3 mm • Grayish in color • Eleveated above the surface • Surrounded by a small area of injection

  8. Complications: (1)Cornea • A-Corneal phlycten • B-Phlyctenular ulcers • C-Phlyctenularpannus (2)Eczema of lids (3)Muco-purulent conjunctivitis: due to secondary infection with staph. Aureus (4)Recurrence: are common if the cause is not removed. • Treatments : • Local cortisone drops and ointment • Atropine if cornea is involved • Fascicular ulcer needs cautery with carbolic + Periotomy & cautery of vessel

  9. Spring catarrh (Vernal Conjunctivitis) • Definition : It is a bilateral seasonal conjunctivitis recurring in the warm seasons. • Aetiology : It is an allergy of the conjunctiva to an unknown exogenous factor. • The contributing factors are : • U.V rays • Heat • Dust

  10. Incidence : • Age : Children • Sex : boys more • Season : summer (not spring) • Symptoms : • Itching • Photophobia • Lacrimation • Ropy discharge (thread): formed of mucus,eosinophils and epithelial debris so that it is scanty,white and elastic

  11. Treatment:

  12. Giant papillary conjunctivitis • Definition : It is an allergic conjunctivitis characterized by the formation of giant papillae. • It occurs most probably due to mechanical irritation of the palpebral conjunctiva in case of : -Contact lenses (more with extended wear CL and with lens deposits) -Artificial eyes -Prominent suture following surgery • Symptoms : -Red Eye -Mucoid discharge -Itching

  13. Signs : • Conjunctival hyperaemia • Giant papillae on superior tarsal conjunctiva • Superficial punctuate keratitis • Peripheral corneal subepithelialinfilterates • Treatment : • Stops using contact lenses for 2 weeks • Topical mast cell stabilizer (disodium chromoglycate) 4 times daily • Topical steroids for few days only • Use new daily wear lenses after complete cure

  14. Thank you Syukran Terima kasih…

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