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  1. Scripting Basics Presented by Dr. Matthew Small

  2. Today’s Topics • Scripting • Scripting Overview • Dynamically changing transforms usingscripting

  3. Scripting • Scripts allow us to interact with GameObjects and Unity at runtime and are crucial to implementing complex game behaviors • Unity supports: • C Sharp (C#) • Javascript (UnityScript) • Boo (a python derivative)

  4. How Scripts are Used • Scripts are attached to GameObjects as components • There are special functions you can create that will be called automatically by Unity while your game is playing • It is like you are writing an event handler to run certain code whenever an event occurs • Two example events: • Your script’s Start() routine will be called when the game is initialized • Your script’s Update() routine will be called once per frame (i.e. once every time the picture on the screen is updated) • Scripts are often written with code that applies to the GameObject it is attached to

  5. A C# Script

  6. The Unity Game Loop Game Initialization Player Input Game World Simulation Game Loop Rendering Exit Game Shut Down

  7. These functions are similar to event handlers • When EVENT occurs, Unity executes the following sequence: Scene GameObjects Attached Scripts • for every GameObject GO in the Game Scene{ • for every Script S attached to GO{ • if(S has a function F to handle EVENT ) • call S.F(); • } • } . . . . . .

  8. Scripting

  9. Vector

  10. Transform Translation void Translate (Vector3 translation, Space relativeTo = Space.Self); • Moves a GameObject’s transform in the direction and distance of translation • A Vector3 is a structure (like a object in the object-oriented programming sense)

  11. Wrapping Up • If you have not already, download and install Unity • You may reference these videos to learn more about basic navigation of the editor:

  12. SCRIPTING BASICS Demonstration 2

  13. Homework 1 • Create a Unity game that has the following characteristics: • A single cube is located the middle of the screen • Modify the Scaler script to do the following: • Every time the “b” (bigger) key is pressed, the cube will grow slightly • Every time the “s” (smaller) key is pressed, the cube will spin left • Submit your entire project folder via Dropbox

  14. Physics • Unity has NVIDIA PhysX physics engine built-in • Add RigidBodycomponent to enable physics on a GameObject • Now under the control of physics engine • Gravity, collisions, momentum, etc. handled • You don’t edit RigidBody’s transform manually • GameObject’s ‘Collider’ component will be used to handle its physical representation

  15. OUR FIRST GAME Demonstration 3

  16. Additional Resources • Unity Scripting Reference • http://docs.unity3d.com/Documentation/ScriptReference/index.html • Unity Manual • http://docs.unity3d.com/Documentation/Manual/index.html • Book I am using • http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1849691444/ref=oh_details_o01_s00_i00

  17. Video Game Organization • Video games are often composed of

  18. How Video Games are Programmed • Library-based development

  19. Game Rendering Code Graphics Library Graphics Hardware

  20. Advantages of Unity3D • Supports “author once, deploy everywhere” principle • Unity3D itself runs on Mac OS X or Windows • Projects created in Unity3D can be deployed on: OS X, Windows, Linux, IOS, Android, Flash, Wii, PS3 and Xbox • Supports state-of-the-art technologies for designing professional games • Flexible development model supports nearly any game mechanic imaginable • Robust asset store to easily purchase and import professional, ready-to-use game elements – or even an entire game!

  21. Tradeoffs of Unity3D • Unity is proprietary • Once you design a game in Unity, you are in their eco-system for better or worse. • Licensing • Free version to deploy for desktop and web-player (with splash-screen or watermark) for organizations grossing < $100k/year • Always costs to deploy to mobile/embedded devices (per device-type) • Standard licenses (https://store.unity3d.com/) • Academic licenses (http://www.studica.com/unity) • Arguably, better graphics can be achieved with other game engines such as Unreal(which costs much more)

  22. How Video Games are Structured • Home consoles (e.g. NES) became ubiquitous in the mid-80’s through modern day [1] Game Developer Magazine Survey, May 2012

  23. History of the Video Game Industry • First commercial video game was released in 1971 • Coin-operated arcade game called “Computer Space” • The next year, the hugely popular “pong” was released • The “golden age of arcade games” occurred from 1978 through the mid-80’s • Space Invaders, Donkey Kong, Pac-man, Frogger, etc. • Atari 2600 released in 1977 and popularizes cartridge-delivered content for home consoles [1] Game Developer Magazine Survey, May 2012

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