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Presidential Reconstruction VS Congressional Reconstruction

Presidential Reconstruction VS Congressional Reconstruction. The Southern States seek readmission into the United States and must write a new Constitution. Reconstruction.

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Presidential Reconstruction VS Congressional Reconstruction

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  1. Presidential ReconstructionVSCongressional Reconstruction The Southern States seek readmission into the United States and must write a new Constitution

  2. Reconstruction • period of time in which state and local governments in the South were reestablished and the Southern states were brought back into the Union

  3. Problems of the South • 1. much of the South lay in ruins • 2. money was scarce • 3. former slaves were without food or shelter • 4. bitterness existed between the North and the South

  4. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan (President’s Plan) • Required states end slavery (13th Amendment) • Made states declare their secession had been illegal • Required states to cancel all war debts • Required adult white males to pledge loyalty to the United States to get back the right to vote * Texas agreed and Johnson admitted Texas back into the Union

  5. Republicans’ Plan—directed by Congress Disagreements erupted between Johnson and the Radical Republicans, and Congress would not allow Texas back into the Union---Texans must: • accept the 14th Amendment (grant citizenship to African Americans) • Cancel public debt of Confederacy, eliminating the Confederacy’s existence • Keep Confederate sympathizers from holding important government positions

  6. Black Codes Texas denied civil rights to Af. Amer. (14th Amendment) • Marriage between African Americans and whites was outlawed • Af. Amer. men weren’t allowed to vote, hold office, serve on a jury, or use public transportation • Texas Homestead law excluded Af. Amer.

  7. Congressional Plan—The Reconstruction Act of 1867 Adopted after Southern States would not follow the Republican Plan • Placed Southern states under military rule • Divided the ten states left into military districts • Required states to eliminate the Black Codes • States required to write new constitutions giving African Americans the right to vote (15th Amendment) • Required registered voters to pledge loyalty to Union (the Ironclad Oath)

  8. Texas had to Change • Texans wrote a new Constitution in 1869 (though never totally finished it) that declared the US Constitution the law and guaranteed the right of all men to vote • Texas was readmitted into the Union 3/8/1870 • Davis (a Unionist) was “elected” as governor • Texans feared that Davis would use the militia against anyone who opposed him and would appoint only radicals to state office

  9. The Constitution of 1876 • Democrat Richard Coke elected Gov. in 1872 • Many changes made; Af. Amer lost much ground • Texans stripped the Governor and State Legislature of as much power as possible limiting the government’s power to make changes except by an amendment • They allowed the State Legislature to meet only every other year

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