1. PRESENTATION CONTENT 1. NPPO discription 1.1. Scope of Plant Protection Department 1.2. Competency of the National Phytossanitary Authority 1.3. Competency of Pesticide Register sector 1.4. Competency of Plant Protection sector 1.5. NPPO Flowchart 2. Emergence Measures 2.1. Fruit Fly Survilliance and Monitoring in Mozambique 2.2. Specimens identification 2.3. Current pest status of Bactrocera invadens in Mozambique 2.4. National Plant Protection (NPPO) apparatus for the fight against pest Bactocera invadens 2.5. Trainnig of local technicians 2.6. Public awareness 2.7. Establishment of pest free areas 2.8. Plan for future activities

2. NPPO DISCRIPTION (1) Scope Of Plant Protection Department NPPO) • The scope of NPPO is to warrant the prevention and control of pests at national level, and secure collaboration with regional and international specialist in this matter; • Is competence of Plant Quarantine Sector at national level to warrant the phytosanitary protection through inspections of the imported commodities and certification of exports; • Is Competence of Agrochemical Sector to registry, control and management of agrochemical used for agriculture production and other uses; • Is competence of Plant protection Sector to warrant diagnostic, surveys and Integrated Pest Management control for pest and diseases.

3. NPPO FLOWSCHART Plant Protection Department Plant Quaratine Sector Plant Protetion Sector Pesticides Registration Sector Phytossanitary Inpection Services located at entry points Biological Control Section Migratory Pest Section Entomology Section Phytopatology Section Post Harvest Section Nematology Section

4. NPPO DISCRIPTION (2) • Plant protection sector (RSV) in each of the 11 provincial agriculture directorates; • Phytosanitary inspections post (PIFs) at the major border posts (ports, airports and borders) • Plant Protection Department is also collaborating with other institutions (Universities, Research) on plant protection matters

5. EMERGENCE MEASURES • Current distribution and pest status of invasive Fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens in Mozambique.

6. FRUIT FLY SURVILLIANCE AND MONITORING IN MOZAMBIQUE • Current situation of fruit flies in Mozambique • Surveillance activities started in October 2007 in the Southern and central provinces by Plant Protection Depatrtment in collaboration with Eduardo Mondlane University (Agronomy and Forestry Engeneering Faculty) • 2008. A protocol for surveillance was developed in collaboration with RSA and USDA/APHIS FF taxonomists“ Surveillance protocol and Emergency Action Plan for B. Invadens in Mozambique

7. FRUIT FLY SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING IN MOZAMBIQUE Surveillance objectives: • To evaluate fruit fly diverity and species composition in Mozambique; • To monitor Bactrocera invadens incidences and pest status; • To establish Bactrocera invadens free areas.

8. SPECIMENS IDENTIFICATION 1. First identification • Laboratory of Entomology, at the Faculty of Agronomy and Forest Engineering, Eduardo Mondlane Univertity in Maputo 2. Precise identification • Royal Museum for Central Africa, Entomology Section, in Belgium (Dr Marc De Meyer); • The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) EM Nairobi, Kenya (Dr. Ekesi Sunday); • USDA-APHIS office in Pretoria, South Africa (Dr Mansell).

9. CURRENT PEST STATUS OF BACTROCERA INVADENS IN MOZAMBIQUE (1) The invasive fruit fly (Bactrocera invadens) was decteted: • For the firt time in Cuamba, Niassa Province (North Moz.) in 2007; • Then in Manica (Central Moz.), 2008; • Cabo Delgado (North Moz.) 2008; • Nampula – Aula (North Moz), 2008; After these detections survilliance programme was established.

10. BACTROCERA INVADENS PEST STATUS (2) Impact of FF for Mozambique exports • After its detection in the country, rigorous measures were imposed on the export of fruits from Mozambique • There was a lost of lucrative export for the international and national market. 1. In September 2008: South Africa banned the import of fresh fruits in Mozambique; 2. In February 2010, Zimbabwe banned the impor of fresh fruits from Mozambique.

11. BACTROCERA INVADENS PEST STATUS (3) 1. Northern region – (FTD>0) High levels of infestation • Infested area; 2. Central region – (FTD<0) Very low levels of infestation • Low prevalence; 3. Southern region – (FTD = 0) No occurence • Bactrocera invadens free area

12. BACTROCERA INVADENS PEST STATUS (4) • Establishment of domestic quarantine to control the movement of fruit and vegetables for the infested to no infested areas

13. NATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION (NPPO) APPARATUS FOR THE FIGTH AGAINST PESTS, Bactrocera invadens • Establisment of Fruit Fly working group • National Fruit Fly Programme Coordinator; • National Fruit Fly Technical Coordinator; • Inspectors at Entry points and road blocks. Identification/confirmation of the fruit fly speciesis conducted at the Faculty of Agronomy (National Technical Coodinator Institution) All surveillance data are kept at the Plant Protection Department (National Coordinator Institution)

14. Trainig of local technicians • A training course for local technicians was organized in Pemba, Cabo Delgado (high infested area) January – February 2010, on Fruit Fly Monitoring, Management and identification; • A total of 50 technicians from all the 10 provinces of Mozambique attended the training; • These technicians are currently involved in fruit fly activities

15. Bactocera invadensWorking group

16. FRUI FLY CONTROL STRATEGIES Control methods are being implemented in high density locations in the Northern provinces of cabo Delgado and Nampula. IPM components such as: Cultural control: • Fruit Fly exclusion (fruit bagging) • Orchard sanitation • Augmentorium Bilogical Control: • Entomopathogenic Fungi (Metarhizium) • Parasitoids (Fopius arisanus); • Baits mixed with insecticides (GF – 120); • Chemical control

17. ESTABLISHMENT OF PEST FREE AREAS Proposed FF PFA areas in Mozambique Region Area Number Localization/Districts Sampling Period Area 1 Boane and Namaacha District November 2007 up to date South Area 2 Ressano Garcia, Moamba Setember 2007 up to date Area 3 Morrumbene, Jamgamo, October 2007 to November 2008 Inharrime and Zavala Districts Area 4 Dombe, Goonda, Revue Since October 2008 up to date Area 5 Manica (Vanduzi, Machipanda, Since December 2007 up to Date Pungue Sul, Mucumbezi Cruzamento) Barue (Catandica Honde) Gondola (Chimoio) Centre Area 6 Beira, Nhamatanda, Gorongosa 12 – 18 February 2009 Caia, Sena, Chupanga Area Quelimane, Nicoadala 22 March – 04 April 2009 Murrumbala

18. PUBLIC AWARENESS • Positing signs at main entry points advising people on the prohibition of movement of fruits from infested areas to uninfected areas; • Or declare all plant materials when entering from outside the country; • Tv and Radio programs; • Leaflets or pamphlets:

19. PLAN FOR FUTURE ACTIVITIES • Continue a delimiting survey in the Central and Southern provinces; • Conduct studies on Green Banana suitability for Bactrocera invadens successful infestation; • Continue control programmes in Northern provincies of Cabo Delgado a nd Nampula; • Continue and reinforce domestic quarantine nesasures and public awareness activities.

20. Thank You for your attention