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Civil Rights

Civil Rights. In the Supreme Court. In the Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson… “Separate but Equal” is unconstitutional. Montgomery, AL (1955) Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white passenger Bus Boycott

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Civil Rights

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  1. Civil Rights

  2. In the Supreme Court • In the Supreme Court • Brown v. Board of Education (1954) • Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson… “Separate but Equal” is unconstitutional

  3. Montgomery, AL (1955) • Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white passenger • Bus Boycott • Led by Martin Luther King, Jr. • Black passengers refused to ride bus until policies changed • Little Rock, AK (1957) • Governor OrvalFaubus refused to allow 9 black students to attend Central High School • Eisenhower sent in 101st Airborne to force the desegregation

  4. “Ole Miss” (1962) • James Meredith denied admission • JFK sent in troops to restore order • Civil Rights Organizations • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) (1910) • Congress Of Racial Equality (CORE) (1942) • Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) (1957) • Formed after the success of the Montgomery bus boycott (MLK) • Encouraged non-violent protest • Church leaders moved to the forefront of the struggle • Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (“SNICK”) (1960)

  5. Civil Disobedience • SIT-INS • Blacks sat in a segregated establishment and refused to move • Many arrested • FREEDOM RIDES • Blacks rode buses into segregated areas to see if Southerners would obey the Supreme Court • First Bus met with violence in Alabama

  6. Additional Protests • Albany Movement, 1961 • Georgia protesters began a year long struggle • MLK went to help • Birmingham, 1963 • MLK and others protested • MLK arrested and released • MLK got children to join protest • 900+ people got arrested • Protesters injured • Shot with fire hoses • Attacked by dogs • Beaten with clubs • Letter from a Birmingham jail

  7. Washington, D.C., August 28th 1963 • MLK marched on Washington • MLK made “I have a dream…” speech

  8. Malcolm X • Militant approach to civil rights • Joined nation of Islam • Supported “black nationalism” • Believed equality could come by any means necessary

  9. Legislation • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Ended voting restrictions • Prohibited discrimination based on • Race • Gender • Religion • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Ended voting restrictions • Ended literacy tests

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