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Monday October 7thJA #25 autoantonyms are words that are the opposite of themselves!Auto-antonym has Greek roots meaning a word that is the opposite of itself. They have variously been called contranyms, contronyms, antilogies, Janus words (after the two-faced Greek mythical figure, from which "January" also derives), and enantiodromes. For example: bound • restrained (e.g. by rope)• to spring; leapHow many can you come up with? (6 minutes) • Today I will learn these objectives: 1) how well I have done with recording and responding to my journal prompts 2) what words will be on the next quiz 3) play with words – autoantonyms 3) what the secrets to nyms are 4) how well others did and offer suggestions on the Diana analysis 5) that form follows function when composing 6) to identify which forms to use when 7) what is expected of college writing • Today I can: SSR 7/3 • Hand in my journals - I will choose 2 and Mr. Norton will choose two • Hand in MC #1 • Copy the next set of vocab (5 minutes) • Take notes and ask questions about the Notes on nyms (5 minutes) • Can finish the writing protocol 10 minutes • Copy and discuss the notes on the classical model form fits function! (10 minutes) • Make a Venn diagram of what I read and highlighted in the article “College writing or why not the 5 paragraph essay” with my notes on the classical model – what conclusions do I draw? • Can read and understand the essence of the article titled, “Writing in College” by The University of Chicago – and do a reading protocol for it filling in all the bullets - independent work/hmwk
do the following for each word: • a) write a guess of what the word means based on context clues --this is the only part we do in class--the rest you will do on your own time. • b) a dictionary definition, enclosed in quotation marks • c) a non-linguistic representation (a picture or a symbol to help you to remember the meaning of the word) • d) an original sentence using the word, providing ample context clues • I will give a quiz every two weeks, over the words covered. Any old words are also fair game to re-appear. • Format of quizzes: 15+ sentences that have blanks and must be completed with the vocab words (word bank generously provided).
Vocabulary Week 7: • affect • “I hope to one day affect change in the world,” the Miss Utah contestant sighed into the microphone. • imminent • Whenever my grandma’s knee aches, she tells us that a storm is imminent; she is more reliable than the local meteorologist! • sanctimonious • When I rear ended the car in front of me, I noticed his “Jesus is love” bumper sticker so I figured he would be kind and understanding about the accident, but when he shot out of his door, swearing and raging, I knew his bumper sticker was sanctimonious drivel. • stymied • When I did my practice problems in class, I understood the concepts, but when I got home and looked at my first Calculus problem, I was stymied. • Waning • Everyone loved that song when it first came out, but after every local radio station overplayed it, interest began waning.
Knowledge of a Word • Knowing a word means knowing its meaning, its sounds (pronunciation), and (if we are literate) its orthography (or spelling). • Thus, words with the same meaning but different pronunciation (like sofa and couch) are different words, as are words with different meanings but the same pronunciation (like tale and tail).
The Classical Model of written argumentation • Introduction (exordium) • Introduces subject • Establishes ethos • Narration (narration) • Factual information and background • Why the problem needs addressing • Can appeal to logos or pathos • Confirmation (confirmation) • Major part of the text • Includes proof • Strongest appeal to logos • Specific concrete detail of text • Refutation (refutation) • Addresses counter-argument • Largely logos • Conclusion (peroration) • Brings essay to a close • Appeals to pathos • Reminder of earlier ethos • Answers the question of “so what”?
Funsies… • Why do we bake cookies and cook bacon • Why is fat chance the same as slim chance? • Crazy definitions: • Parasites: • Seeing Paris from the Eiffel Tower • Gruesome: • When one is a little taller than before • Describe: • To erase
Tuesday October 8thJB #1 Explain these oxymorons: ver noticed that it's simply impossible to find seriously funny oxymorons online? The only choice is to ask one of those paid volunteers at the library – the ones in the long-sleeved T-shirts – for an original copy of some obviously obscure documents that were found missing amongst some paperwork almost exactly one hundred years ago. • Today I will learn these objectives: 1) how well I recall vocab 2) to identify compound sentences 3) more on the various secrets of nyms 4) to use protocol to reach conclusions 5) how well I did with the MCs and where my strengths and weaknesses lie • Today I can: • Do the vocab review • Do the Compound sentence review • Take notes and discuss More nyms notes (10 minutes) • Share my reading protocol observations with my group – hand in group’s one answer sheet with mine and the other ones attached (10 minutes) • Go over answers to MC’s (20 minutes) • Record my MC responses my tally sheet
Vocab practice – select the best word for each blank • She was young and beautiful; he was old but very rich. Rumors said that _________________ drove her to marry him. 2. When my neighbor thought I smashed her Halloween pumpkins, I had to get my mom to call her and _______________ the fact that I spent that Halloween at home passing out candy. 3. When I found out the immature boy in my 2nd hour planned to ask me to the Homecoming dance, I went the long way to all of my classes, hoping to ____________ him.
A compound sentence • combines two or more independent clauses. • Commas separate the clauses of • a compound sentence. • A semicolon can take the place of • the conjunction and • The conjunction should express the proper relationship between the clauses. • And • joins ideas of equal importance. • Or • joins clauses that express alternatives. Nor joins negative ideas together. • But • joins clauses that express contrasting ideas. • Do not confuse a compound sentence with a simple sentence having compound parts. Both sides of the conjunction will make sense in a compound sentence. Example: Mother baked a cake / and / I frosted it.
Homonyms • Words like tale and tail, with different meanings but the same pronunciation, are calledhomonyms. • Sometimes a distinction is made between homonyms, which have the same pronunciation and spelling, andhomophones,which have different spelling. • Homonymsare often a source of lexical ambiguity:
Homonyms and Ambiguity • I’ll meet you by the bank. • Safety experts say school bus passengers should be belted. • Red Tape Holds Up New Bridge
Homonyms • How many homonyms can you think of for each of the following words? • To • Do • Pair • Raise • There • Right • Sight • Sell • Sense • By • Need • weigh
Riddle me this… • Make of me nothing – and nothing fits me; make of me something – and something I’ll be; what am I? • A riddle • What goes up a chimney down, but cannot go down a chimney up? • An umbrella • What comes once in a minute, twice in a moment, but never in a thousand years? • The letter M • What sits in a corner, yet travels the world? • A stamp
Wednesday October 9thJB #2 Why are some writings enjoyable to read no matter how many times they are read? • Today I will learn these objectives: 1) to maintain my daily grammar 2) how well I identify analogies 3) of reviewing vocab 4) of identifying more nyms 5) strategies for doing close reading 6) to practice the recommended strategies • I can: SSR 10/3 • Do the Daily grammar put in my notes the Grammar practice • Answer the Analogies in my notes • Answers the vocab review (15 minutes) • Take more nyms notes (10 minutes) • Read and take notes on pages 35 – 38 of textbook (5 minutes) • Do the Independent practice of reading pages 38 – 48 and doing the assignment on page 48 for Friday.
Analogies A#7 pacify : calm :: __________:____________a identify : mysterious b.fortify : strong c.testify : suspicious d.mortify : happy A#8 concur : disagree :: comprehend:___________a) forget b) learn c) misunderstand d) envision A#9 Chef : food :: ____________: clay Vocab sentence by Nicole: “Anthony’s ____________ kept him from getting a job as a waiter.”
Vocab practice • Some people might consider this type of action as a word that describes intuitive painting: • Impetuous • “Turning quickly to chase after one’s love is an ____________ action.” thanks to Amanda
Polysemy, Heteronyms, etc. • When homonyms are related conceptually or historically (as in bear meaning “to tolerate,” “to carry,” and “to support”), we say that they are polysemous. • Heteronyms are words that have the same spelling, but different pronunciations (like the animal dove and dove, the past tense of dive).
Synonyms • Words that have different pronunciations but the same or nearly the same meaning are calledsynonyms. • When synonyms occur in otherwise identical sentences, the sentences are paraphrases: that is, they have the same meaning. She forgot her purse. She forgot her handbag.
Funsies… • Title of a book written by Lee Ping: • How to High Jump Well • Title of a book written by Tom Morrow: • The Day After Today • Title of a book written by Sir Rupp: • Not Just for Pancakes Anymore • Title of a book written by Minnie Vahn: • Mom Cars • Title of a book written by Jim Shortz: • What to Wear in PE
Thursday October 10thJB #3 Explain this analogy: "Memory is to love what the saucer is to the cup." (Elizabeth Bowen, The House in Paris, 1949 • Today I will learn these objectives: 1) of how well I know my vocab words 2) how well I recall the grammar that has been introduced 3) more nyms and record them 4) more on sentence structure and style 5) how to practice the sentence writing for style • Today I can: • Do the Vocab review • Do the Grammar practice • Write and discuss More notes on nyms • Participate in reading and taking notes on Pages 999 – 1005 – • Do independent practice after we do the first few together then I will work with my reading group to do exercises 1 - 3
Vocab practice The Thanksgiving meal did more than ___________ my appetite—I was full for days afterward! Although I tried to _____________ my mother’s view out the front window while my brother climbed the trellis after sneaking out, I wasn’t successful. So my brother and I were both punished.
More clause work • A clause is • a group of words having a subject and a verb. • An independent clause • can stand alone as a sentence. • A dependent clause • is always used as some part of speech. It cannot • stand alone as a sentence. • A phrase is a • group of words used as a sentence part. • It does not have • a subject and a verb.
Compound Sentences • Tell whether the words in quotation marks are independent clauses, dependent clauses, or phrases • 1. "When I received the email," I knew it was "not to be opened." • 1. When I received the email = dependent clause, not to be opened = phrase • 2. When you go to the store, "buy some ice cream and cookies." • 2. buy some ice cream and cookies = independent clause • 3. The vase must have been broken "by the grandchildren." • 3. by the grandchildren = phrase • 4. "Having been left alone," the boy jumped at every noise. • 4. Having been left alone = phrase • 5. "Planning a successful wedding" requires lots of work. • 5. Planning a successful wedding = phrase
Antonyms • As we saw with semantic properties, the meaning of a word may be partially defined by what it is not. • Male means not female, dead means not alive, and so on. • Words like this with opposite meaning are called antonyms.
Kinds of Antonymy • Complementary Pairs (absolutes): alive - dead, present - absent, awake - asleep • Gradable Pairs (degrees): big - small, hot - cold, fast - slow
Gradable Antonyms • The meaning of adjectives in gradable pairs is related to the object they modify: a small elephant is bigger than a large mouse, and a deep puddle is shallower than a deep lake. • With gradable pairs, the negative of one is not necessarily synonymous with the other: not happy is not the same as sad, and not hating someone is not the same as loving them.
Relational Opposites • Some pairs of antonyms display symmetry in their meaning; these are relational opposites. • For example, if X gives something to Y, then Y receives it from X: give and receive are relational opposites. • Similarly, if X is Y’s teacher, then Y is X’s student. • Note that relational opposites must have a certain degree of semantic properties in common: e.g., big and red.
Funsies… • Title of a book written by Moe Mentum • How to Get Started • Title of a book written by Terry Yahkie: • Chicken Recipes • Tom Swifties: • "There's room for one more," Tom • admitted • They are not answering - we'd better try the knocking," said Tom • adoringly. • "Fire!" yelled Tom • alarmingly.
Friday October 11thJB #4 What is your opinion about the ethics of this action: ““Rather than spend another five years just trying to find a journal to publish and hoping that decent, open minded reviewers would be chosen, we acquired the rights to this journal and renamed it so we would not lose the passing peer reviews that are expected by the public and the scientific community,” wrote Ketchum on the project’s website.” ~ Melba Ketchumhttp://newsfeed.time.com/2013/02/21/bigfoot-dna-evidence-is-published-but-more-questions-are-raised/#ixzz2gnPtqBmv • Today I will learn these objectives: 1) how well I did utilizing the means of close reading as identified by the textbook 2) identifying how well I am prepared for the vocab quiz 3) how well I did on the practice for the grammar quiz 4) to practice close reading for critical understanding 5) form bases for my opinions • Today I can: SSR 7/3 • Hand in my toxophilus page 48 practice • Do the vocab review • Do more notes and discussion of nyms • Go over the answers to pages 999 - 1005 • Do my best on Grammar quiz #1 • Do the assigned AoW on DNA by doing a close reading of it and an analysis of its rhetorical affect - limited to one typed page double spaced. • Have my Vocab due Monday – and be ready for the quiz too
Vocab review eschew stymie
Article of the Week #__ Rubric Learning Target: I can read and analyze informational text and make connections between myself and the information. • Vocabulary: all words you don’t know. Look up 3 words and write a synonym above it (4 pts.) • Annotation: Mark a ? by things that confuse you. Mark a ! by things that amaze or surprise you. (2 pts.) • Connections/marginalia: Write a minimum of 4 comments in the margins for EACH page. (4 pts.) • Comprehension/Analysis: underline or highlight main ideas or key points as you read. Answer any questions at the end or in the boxes, ifthere are no questions then create three of your own – they should be complex and not simple “yes/no” answers. You do not need to answer them. (10 pts.) • Self-Assess: I was able to read and analyze this article of the week and make connections between myself and the information.
Hyponyms • General terms (like color, or dog) and sets of words that have that semantic property (like red and blue, or spaniel and collie) are hyponyms. • Red and blue are hyponyms of color, and color has the hyponymsred and blue. • Sometimes no single word encompasses a set of hyponyms: for example clarinet, trumpet, piano, and violin in English.
Metonyms • A metonym substitutes for the object that is meant, the name of an attribute or concept associated with that object. • Thus crown is a metonym for king or queen, Washington is a metonym for “the U.S. government,” and so on. • Note that euphemisms are metonyms.
Retronyms • Expressions that were once redundant, but now require specification, are called retronyms. • Day baseball, silent movie, surface mail, whole milk, rotary telephone and so on are all examples of retronyms.
Exercise • Here are 5 retronyms: straight razor, one-speed bike, conventional warfare, acoustic guitar, bar soap • Why are they retronyms? • Think of 5 more retronyms. • Think of one that is perhaps not needed yet, but soon will be: low-definition television, for example.
Funsies… • What do you call a piece of wood that has nothing to do? • Bored. • Name the author: a book titled Kings and Queens • By Roy Al Tee • Name a book written by Dee Stracted • Trouble Paying Attention • A book written by Tamon D. Lyons • Jobs for Circus Performers
