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Phylum Echinodermata

Phylum Echinodermata. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/E/echinoderms.gif. Phylum Characteristics:. Name: (Greek) echinos = spiny; derma =skin Calcareous endoskeleton in the form of ossicles Most adults with pentaradial symmetry Larva with bilateral symmetry

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Phylum Echinodermata

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  1. Phylum Echinodermata http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/E/echinoderms.gif

  2. Phylum Characteristics: • Name: (Greek) echinos= spiny; derma =skin • Calcareous endoskeleton in the form of ossicles • Most adults with pentaradial symmetry • Larva with bilateral symmetry • Water-vascular system (including tube feet) for locomotion, attachment, and/or feeding • Digestive tract • Hemal system (to circulate fluids and possibly distribute nutrients) • Nervous system (= nerve net, nerve ring, and radial nerves)

  3. Class Crinoidea • Sea Lilies and feather stars • Most primitive of all living echinoderms • Sea Lilies attach to substrate by a stalk • Unattached end = crown (of 5 branched arms) • Double row of tube feet along each arm • Crown attached to stalk at calyx • Stalk may have cirri (projections) *feather stars lack a stalk and are swim/crawl using their arms

  4. Sea Lilies http://www.nova.edu/ocean/messing/crinoids/8%20Feeding%20mechanism_files/image004.jpg http://digsfossils.com/fossils/pics/crinoid-sketch.gif http://glennandert.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/dsc_1989_blackandwhitecrinoid_forblog.jpg http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20051026/a919_1857.jpg

  5. http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Ophiuroidea/Feather_Star_large.jpghttp://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Ophiuroidea/Feather_Star_large.jpg http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/echinodermata/crinoidea/red/080425cyrd1818m3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/echinodermata/crinoidea/red.htm&usg=__paR9PIvtJNr8UapDk-H_SyS1u0M=&h=216&w=216&sz=59&hl=en&start=33&itbs=1&tbnid=TcZY59QLNb31lM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfeather%2Bstars%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18 Feather Stars http://www.teara.govt.nz/files/p5199ryp.jpg

  6. Suspension/Filter feeding: Tube feet catch prey and cilia in ambulacral groove carry it to mouth • Lack nerve ring • Can be dioecious or monoecious (male gametes develop before female gametes) • Fertilization may be external or embryos may be brooded on arms of adult • Capable of regeneration

  7. Class Asteroidea • Sea Stars (and Sea Daises?) • 5 arms around a central disk, each with an ambulacral groove and tube feet • Some arms may have photoreceptors/ocelli on tube feet at tips • Dermal Branchiae (thin folds of body) function in gas exchange • Some have pedicellariae (pincherlike structures) which may help clean & protect

  8. Feed on snails, bivalves, crustaceans, polychaetes, corals, detritus, etc. https://yhsbiology.wikispaces.com/file/view/starfish-1.jpg/33144125/starfish-1.jpg • 2 sides: oral/aboral • Aboral side contains anus and madreporite (connects ring canal to outside -helps to replace water into water-vascular system) • Oral side has mouth connected to esophagus, stomach (with 2 regions), and short intestine

  9. http://universe-review.ca/I10-82-starfish.jpg

  10. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/zo150/mozley/fall/Asterskin.jpghttp://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/zo150/mozley/fall/Asterskin.jpg http://www.2classnotes.com/images/12/science/Zoology/Aboral_surface_of_star_fish.gif

  11. Known for regeneration (asexual reproduction) • Most Dioecious(internal difference) • 2 gonads in each arm • External fertilization http://sharonminsuk.com/LabBio/images/StarfishStagesBig.jpg http://allencentre.wikispaces.com/file/view/starfish_larva.jpg/31302621/starfish_larva.jpg

  12. http://museumvictoria.com.au/pages/3349/gallery/tinystar.jpg http://mrbarlow.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/giant-sea-stars.jpg

  13. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_9jTkGowIILg/SLpqwgTh2WI/AAAAAAAAFxM/QaFw-1gwPLo/s400/changi310808p01.JPGhttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_9jTkGowIILg/SLpqwgTh2WI/AAAAAAAAFxM/QaFw-1gwPLo/s400/changi310808p01.JPG http://www.tankedup-imaging.com/images/blue_sea_star.jpg http://images.travelpod.com/users/andy12pam03/2.1237847400.crown-of-thorns-sea-star-coral-killerxx.jpg http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/Content/necklace-sea-star-696678-sw.jpg

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