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Physiology, Health & Exercise

Physiology, Health & Exercise. Lesson 16 Weight control & obesity Effects of exercise on body composition & weight control. Weight Control & Obesity. Includes: The problem of rising incidence of obesity in UK Possible causes of obesity Possible treatments of obesity

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Physiology, Health & Exercise

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  1. Physiology, Health & Exercise Lesson 16 Weight control & obesity Effects of exercise on body composition & weight control

  2. Weight Control & Obesity Includes: • The problem of rising incidence of obesity in UK • Possible causes of obesity • Possible treatments of obesity • Effect of exercise on body composition & weight control

  3. What is obesity? • A chronic disease characterised by excessively high body fat in relation to lean body tissue. • Defined in England as having a BMI of >30kg/m2

  4. What is the scale of the problem with obesity? Based on data from England: Write a statement to describe this data

  5. Scale of the problem In Scotland: • 14% of men and 17% of women classed as obese • Approx 20% of children are overweight • 8% of boys and 7% of girls are obese

  6. Health Risks associated with obesity Higher risk of developing: • CVD- including CHD & high blood pressure • Type 2 diabetes • 80% of sufferers are obese • Traditionally seen as a disease of over 40s now found in children as young as 13

  7. Health Risks associated with obesity Higher risk of developing: • Cancers of e.g. colon, breast (maybe also uterine & ovarian) • Osteoarthritis (due to excess pressure on joints) • Respiratory problems (due to excess weight over the lungs)

  8. Health risks Other consequences: • Time off work due to illness • Reduced life expectancy • Economic implications

  9. Causes of obesity Complex & interrelated & include: • Environmental • Genetic • Psychological • Metabolic • Dietary • If constantly consume more calories than expend then will eventually become obese

  10. Causes of obesity 2 reasons for steep rise in last 20 years: • Decrease in physical activity both at work & leisure • Energy dense (high fat) diet

  11. Treatment of obesity • Need to reduce energy intake & increase EE • Weight loss more likely to be maintained if levels of physical activity are increased by permanent lifestyle changes

  12. Effect of exercise on body composition & weight control • Important that activity is regular & strenuous enough to make person breathe more heavily than usual • E.g. brisk walking, jogging, swimming, dancing • Experts (e.g. HEBS) suggest everyone should do up to 30 mins moderate-intensity exercise most days • Remember max heart rate is 220-age

  13. Effect of exercise on body composition & weight control Exercise increases/helps to: • Energy output relative to input • Fat loss • Preserve lean tissue • prevent obesity

  14. Effect of exercise on body composition & weight control • The impact of exercise on body composition decreases as the fat content decreases

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