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The vMatrix: A Network Of Virtual Machine Monitors For Dynamic Content Distribution

The vMatrix: A Network Of Virtual Machine Monitors For Dynamic Content Distribution. Amr A. Awadallah Mendel Rosenblum {aaa,mendel}@cs.stanford.edu. Stanford University – Computer Systems Lab – WCW 2002. What is The vMatrix?. Problem Statement.

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The vMatrix: A Network Of Virtual Machine Monitors For Dynamic Content Distribution

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  1. The vMatrix: A Network Of Virtual Machine Monitors For Dynamic Content Distribution Amr A. AwadallahMendel Rosenblum{aaa,mendel}@cs.stanford.edu Stanford University – Computer Systems Lab – WCW 2002

  2. What is The vMatrix? Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  3. Problem Statement Motivation: To enable distribution of dynamic content.(40% of web requests) Definition:Dynamic content is web pages which are constructed by programs that execute on the server at the time a request is made. (e.g. http://maps.yahoo.com) Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  4. Advantages of Distribution • Faster Response Time • Higher Availability • Absorbing Flash Crowds • Network Bandwidth Savings • Lower Total Cost of Ownership Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  5. Today Is Static Mirroring Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  6. Dynamic Content Distribution Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  7. Two Tier Architecture Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  8. Main Problem It is very hard to copy services due to all the dependencies that code has on system libraries, third-party modules, operating systems, and server hardware. Amended Motivation: To enable distribution of server code with minimal application, code, or operating system changes (i.e. backward compatibility with existing implementations) Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  9. MySQL, Apache OS2: Linux Virtual Machine 2:vCPU, vMem, vDisk, vNet Virtual Machine Monitors Oracle, IIS OS1: Windows 2000 Virtual Machine 1:vCPU, vMem, vDisk, vNet Virtual Machine Monitor Real Machine (CPU, Memory, Disks, Network) Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  10. Proposed Solution A network for delivering virtual machines (VMs) between real machines (RMs) running the virtual machine monitor (VMM) software. Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  11. Distinguishing Advantage • Backward Compatibility Disadvantage • VM files are very large (order of gigabytes)! Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  12. Internet 64.58.77.28 NAT/LB 192.168.1.10 VM1 VM2 DNS maps.yahoo.com  64.58.77.28 Challenges: Mobility (NAT) VMM RM VM Agent Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  13. Internet 64.58.77.28 Firewall Internet 64.58.77.28 NAT/LB Challenges: Security (VPNs) VPN 192.168.1.10 VM1 VM2 Intranet 172.21.162.9 c009.proxy.yahoo.com VMM RM DNS VM Agent maps.yahoo.com  64.58.77.28 Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  14. N2 N1 BACK END BACK END FRONT END BACK END • Perception! FRONT END Two Tier Challenges • Response Time N1 Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  15. FRONT END BACK END Two Tier Challenges • Availability Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  16. FRONT END FRONT END FRONT END BACK END Two Tier Challenges • Replication Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  17. Related Work • Active Proxy Caches (ICAP, Active cache, OPES) • App Servers (WebSphere, Dynamo, WebLogic) • Java Virtual Machine (J#/C#/.Net) • Light Weight OSes (Denali, Xenoservers) • OS Virtualization (Ensim, Ejasent, EXETender) • Portable Channel Representations (e.g. RPMs) Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  18. Current & Future Work • Global Server Placement Optimization • VM Scheduling per RM • Server Multiplexing • Compute Utility (The Collective) • ROC: Virtual Hot Standbys • Internet Scale Applications Characteristics Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

  19. Conclusion Using off the shelf technologies available today it is possible to build a network for delivering virtual machines between real machines hence solving the dynamic content distribution problem without requiring significant architectural changes. Stanford University – CSL – WCW 2002

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