Traumatology

2. Traumatology The science which deals with all aspects of mechanical injuries Forensic traumatology deals with interpretation and certification of trauma in the light of law

3. Traumatology Mechanism of wound production Injury is produced when sufficient energy is absorbed so that there is permanent alteration of some part of body’s anatomic integrity. The result is a wound

4. Traumatology Mechanism of wound production V2 Energy available = M = KE 2g Energy transferred depends uponarea of application = A time of transfer = t Energy absorbed - lever action plasticity/elasticity of tissue inertia hydrostatics k

5. Traumatology Mathematics of wound production 1 1 Wound = W = KE xxx k t A

6. Traumatology Sec 332 PPC - Hurt (1) Whoever causes pain, harm, disease, infirmity or injury to any person or impairs, disables or dismembers any organ of the body or part thereof of any person without causing his death, is said to cause hurt. (2) The following are the kinds of hurt:- (a) Itlaf-i-udw (b) Itlaf-i-salahiyyat-i-udw (c) Shajjah (d) Jurh; and (e) all kinds of other hurt. Legal aspects of trauma

7. Traumatology Sec 337 PPC Shajjah Legal aspects of trauma (1) Whoever causes, on the head or face of any person, any hurt which does not amount to itlaf-i-udw or itlaf-i-salahiyyat- i-udw,is said to cause shajjah. (2) The following are the kinds of shajjah, namely:- (a) shajjah-i-khafifa – (without exposure of bone) (b) shajjah-i-maudiha - (exposure without fracture) (c) shajjah-i-hashimah - (fracture without dislocation) (d) shajjah-i-munaqqilah - (fracture with dislocation) (e) shajjah-i-ammah - (exposure of meninges) (f) shajjah-i-damighah - (rupture of meninges).

8. Traumatology Sec 337-B PPC - Jurh (1) Whoever causes on any part of the body of a person, other than the head or face, a hurt, which leaves a mark of the wound, whether temporary or permanent, is said to cause Jurh. (2) Jurh is of two kinds, namely:- (a) Jaifah i.e. where injury extends to body cavities of the trunk; and (b) Ghair-Jaifah i.e. an injury which does not amount to Jaifah. Legal aspects of trauma

9. Traumatology Sec 337-E PPC (2) The following are the kinds of Ghair- Jaifah:- (a) Damiyah - rupturing of skin with bleeding; (b) Badiah- cutting or incising the flesh without exposing the bone; (c) Mutalahimah - lacerating the flesh; (d) Mudihah - exposure of the bone; (e) Hashimah - fracturing of a bone without dislocation; and (f) Munaqqilah - fracturing and dislocation of bone. Legal aspects of trauma

10. Traumatology itlaf-e-udwitlaf-e-slahayat-e-udwshajjahjurhother hurt shajjah-e-khafifahshajjah-e-maudhihashajjah-e-hashimahshajjah-e-munnaqilahshajjah-e-ammahshajjah-e-damighah jaifahghair jaifah damihahbadihahmuttalahimahmaudihahhashimahmunnaqilah Legal aspects of trauma Sec 337 (2) PPC Sec 332 (2) PPC - Hurt Sec 337B (2) PPC Sec 337E (2) PPC Sec 337J PPC poisoning Sec 337L PPC 20 days etc

11. Traumatology Forensic objectives of studying trauma identification of the victimidentification of injuriesexact description of injurieslegal classification of injuries nature of injuries duration of injuriesdisposal of the patient

12. Medico-legal certification of injuries

13. Medico-legal certification of injuries

14. Traumatology Classification of trauma 1 Blunt force trauma AbrasionsBruises or contusionsLacerations

15. Traumatology Classification of trauma 1 Blunt force trauma2Sharp force trauma Incised woundsStabs

16. Traumatology Classification of trauma 1 Blunt force trauma2 Sharp force trauma3 Fire arm trauma Shot gun injuryRifled fire arm injury

17. Traumatology Blunt force Classification Blunt force injuryabrasions bruises or contusions lacerations Sharp force injuryincised wounds stabs Fire arm injuryshot gun rifled fire arm Mechanical trauma

18. Traumatology Classification Blunt force injuryabrasions bruises or contusions lacerations - Sharp force injuryincised wounds stabs - Fire arm injuryshot gun rifled fire arm Mechanical trauma Punctured wounds Penetrating woundsPerforating wounds

19. Abrasions

20. Traumatology Blunt force Abrasions Injuries which are limited to the top layers of the skin. They are rarely deep and heal without scarring

21. Traumatology Blunt force injury Types of abrasions 4 Scratches

22. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Scratch

23. Traumatology Blunt force injury Types of abrasions 4 Scratchesgrazes 4

24. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Graze

25. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Graze

26. Traumatology Blunt force injury Types of abrasions 4 Scratchesgrazesbrush burns 4 4

27. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Brush burn

28. Traumatology Blunt force injury Types of abrasions 4 Scratchesgrazesbrush burnspatterned – imprint contact 4 4 4

29. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Patterned

30. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Imprint

31. Blunt force Bruises Abrasions patterned pool tileimprint

32. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Patterned

33. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Imprint

34. Blunt force injury abrasions Abrasions Post-mortem

35. Traumatology Blunt force injury Medico-legal importance of abrasions 4 Identify weapon

36. Traumatology Blunt force injury Medico-legal importance of abrasions 4 Identify weaponnature of scuffle 4

37. Traumatology Blunt force injury Medico-legal importance of abrasions 4 Identify weaponnature of scuffledirection of injury 4 4

38. Traumatology Blunt force injury Medico-legal importance of abrasions 4 Identify weaponnature of scuffledirection of injurylocus of incidence 4 4 4

39. Traumatology Blunt force injury 4 Identify weaponnature of scuffledirection of injurylocus of incidencetime of infliction 4 4 4 4 Medico-legal importance of abrasions