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Chapter 1: Introduction and Measurement

Chapter 1: Introduction and Measurement. Brent Royuk Phys-110 Concordia University. Phys-110 in the Curriculum. Physics at Concordia The levels of physics. The Four Processes of Science. From Gil Daenzer Observe Nature (Facts) Find Order (Laws) Build Models (Theories)

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Chapter 1: Introduction and Measurement

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  1. Chapter 1: Introduction and Measurement Brent Royuk Phys-110 Concordia University

  2. Phys-110 in the Curriculum • Physics at Concordia • The levels of physics. Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  3. The Four Processes of Science From Gil Daenzer • Observe Nature (Facts) • Find Order (Laws) • Build Models (Theories) • Explain & Predict This is a conceptual model for science, rather than a procedural one. Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  4. The Four Processes of Science Example • I saw a sunrise today (Fact) • The sun rises in the east (Law) • What’s the theory? Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  5. Wrong: Hypothesis Theory Law So a Law is a proven theory! Better: Law Theory Hypothesis A theory is never proven. Problems with the Scientific Method:The Grade-School Scientific Certainty Myth Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  6. What is Physics? • Old science • Natural Philosophy • The “Queen of the Sciences” • “Physics envy” • All science is either physics or stamp collecting. Ernest Rutherford • ... it is impossible to explain honestly the beauties of the laws of nature in away that people can feel, without their having some deep understanding of mathematics. I am sorry, but this seems to be the case. Richard Feynman Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  7. What is Physics? • I know that this defies the law of gravity, but, you see, I never studied law. Bugs Bunny • Physics is not difficult, it is just weird. Vincent Icke • Chemistry is physics without thought. Mathematics is physics without purpose. • If it wiggles, it's biology; if it smells, it's chemistry; if it doesn't work, it's physics. • Physicists are simpleminded people. • I can define that course in ______ words… • Topics • Griffith: Physics is the 都tudy of the basic nature of matter and the interactions that govern its behavior. • Fundamental • Simple • Reductionism • Quantitative Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  8. Units of Measurement • Standardization is necessary for science (the king’s thumb) • Cubits, Thumb = inch, 12 inches = foot, three feet = yard • 1793, French Academy of Sciences • 1983: The distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 second Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  9. Units of Measurement • The kilogram • One cubic tenth of a meter of water • The gram/milliliter/cc connection • Prototype Pt-Ir cylinder Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  10. Units of Measurement • Where did the second come from? • 1 sec = 9,192,631,770 oscillations of Cs-133 radiation • “The speed of time is one second per second.” • The MKS system vs. cgs, fps • The liter • The seven base units Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  11. Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  12. Units of Measurement • USEFUL METRIC CONVERSIONS • 1 million microphones = 1 megaphone • 1 million bicycles = 2 megacycles • 2000 mockingbirds = two kilomockingbirds • 10 cards = 1 decacards • 1/2 lavatory = 1 demijohn • 1 millionth of a fish = 1 microfiche • 453.6 graham crackers = 1 pound cake • 10 rations = 1 decoration • 10 millipedes = 1 centipede • 3 1/3 tridents = 1 decadent • 10 monologs = 5 dialogues • 2 monograms = 1 diagram • 8 nickels = 2 paradigms • 2 baby sitters = 1 gramma grampa Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  13. Units of Measurement • Try these: 3.4 cm = ___ m 112000 ng = ___ kg 340 g = ___ kg 3.4 x 10-11 km = ___ mm Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  14. Problem Solving Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

  15. Problem Solving • Is there a good recipe to solve problems? • We will use good problem solving form • Write equation to be used • Solve for desired quantity • Substitute in knowns • Give answer with units Concordia University Phys-110 Chapter 1

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